4种鲜食玉米穗成熟特性的研究

对4种鲜食玉米穗乳熟期的成熟特性研究结果表明,鲜玉米穗授粉后,籽粒、穗轴、苞皮含水量均呈下降趋势,在乳熟期脱水速率和干物质的积累速率的大小是:籽粒＞穗轴＞苞皮.不同品种玉米的灌浆速率和呼吸强度的总体变化趋势为初期低,中期高,后期又降低.籽粒呼吸最强的时候,也是籽粒灌浆最快的时候;带苞皮玉米穗的呼吸强度小于去苞皮玉米穗;籽粒和苞皮的呼吸强度大于穗轴.鲜食玉米采收后加工之前,带苞皮散放于温度较低的环境下较去苞皮放置营养物质损失少.

Study on the Mature Characterristic of Fresh Unripe Maize Ears for Four Varieties

In this paper,it was studied that the mature characteristic of fresh unripe maize ears during the milk stage.The results showed that the water content of kernels,cobs and bracts is down after pollination.During the milk stage,the speed of dehydrate is kernels> cobs> bracts,the accumulating speed of dry substance is kernels> cobs> bracts.The milking speed of maize is slower in the earlier and later milking stage,it is faster in the middle period.When the rate of respiratory of kernels is the strongest,the kernels milking speed has been the fastest;The respiratory intensity of ears with bracts is faster than those without bracts,the kernels and bracts is faster than cobs.So after harvesting,before processing,the ears should be placed at low temperature with its bracts to reduced the loss of nutrition substance.