基于表型性状的观赏向日葵种质资源遗传多样性分析

为研究观赏向日葵品种资源表型性状多样性，改良现有观赏品种，筛选出有市场前景的观赏向日葵新品种，对30份观赏向日葵种质资源的11个质量性状和7个数量性状进行变异系数、相关性分析，采用系统聚类组间聚合的方法根据欧式距离进行聚类分析。结果表明，观赏向日葵种质的表型性状具有丰富的遗传多样性。在质量性状中， Shannon-Wiener 多样性指数最高的是舌状花颜色(1.408 7)，舌状花杂色的分布频率为40.00%。数量性状中，变异系数从大至小依次为舌状花宽、舌状花瓣数、舌状花长、株高、花朵数、SPAD值、分枝长。基于表型性状，在遗传距离为10处将供试的30份种质划分为3个群组，第I群组共包含有12个种质，第II群组共包含14个种质，第III群组有4个种质。

Genetic Diversity Analysis of Ornamental Sunflower Germplasm Resources Based on Phenotypic Traits

This study focused on the phenotypic characters of ornamental sunflower cultivars, so as to provide theoretical support for improving existing ornamental varieties and developing new varieties. Coefficient of variation, correlation analysis,principal component analysis and cluster analysis were carried out on 11 quality traits and 7 quantitative traits of 30 ornamental sunflower materials. Results showed that phenotypic traits of ornamental sunflower germplasm had abundant genetic diversity. Among the qualitative traits, the Shannon-Wiener diversity index was the highest in tongue flower color(1.4087), and the distribution frequency of tongue flower variegation was 40.00%. The variation coefficients of quantitative traits from large to small were tongue flower width > number of tongue petals > ligulate flowers length > plant height > number of flowers > chlorophyll content > long branch. Based on phenotypic traits, the method of systematic clustering between groups was adopted at the genetic distance of 10, 30 g ermplasm samples were divided into 3 groups. Group I contained 12 variety materials, group II contained 14 variety materials, and group III contained 4 germplasm.