红掌叶片愈伤组织和气生根再生团块的细胞学研

 对红掌叶片诱导产生的3种愈伤组织和气生根再生团块的形成、不定芽的分化发育过程进行了显微观察。结果表明: 黄绿、黄和褐色3种愈伤组织的细胞核质比依次减小, 细胞排列越来越疏松, 细胞质变稀薄, 细胞形态变得不完整, 其中黄色和褐色愈伤组织出现类似凋亡小体的小泡, 细胞最终凋亡。叶片气生根的形态发生为间接器官发生方式, 再生团块由气生根根段切口的皮层细胞分裂分化而来。再生团块内部有大量的密集小细胞团, 细胞分裂旺盛, 为分化的原始组织, 以后逐渐分化为不定芽, 形态发生以间接器官发生方式为主, 也有少量胚状体发生方式, 小细胞团是分化产生不定芽的基础。芽的分化发生方式属内起源, 随着小细胞团的不断生长, 外层细胞逐渐凋亡, 最终使分化的芽突出再生团块再生成苗。

Cytological Study on Callus of Leaf and Reproduction Block Mass of Aerial Root in Anthurium andraeanum

In vitro morphogenesis and differentiation pathways of three leaf callus and rep roduction block mass (RBM) of aerial root in Anthurium andraeanum‘Arizona’were studied. The results showed that in the three callus of kelly, yellow and brown color, the karyop lasm ratio decrease in turn, cell arrangement became looser and looser, the shape of cell was not in its integrity. Some similar apoptotic bodies appeared in cells of yellow and brown callus, and these cells apop tosis eventually. The morphogenesis of aerial roots of leaf were indirect organogenesis. RBM derived from the cortex of aerial root cut. There were a lot of dense small cell groups in RBM, the cells divided vigorly, and theywere original tissue of differentiation, and differentiated infinitive buds gradually. Morphogenesis pathway was mainly indirect organogenesis, and had few embryoid morphogenesis pattern. Small cell groups were the foundation of differentiating infinitive buds. Merismatic cells mainly derived from the inside of RBM, and belonged to ingenesis. With the ceaseless growth of small cell group, the outer layer cells apop tosis gradually. Finally the buds broke through RBM and became young plants.