白榆研究利用现状及我国白榆良种化探讨与展望

白榆（Ulmus pumila）是我国分布最广、最重要的榆属树种，具有重要的经济和生态价值。然而，由于人们对白榆优良性状认识不足，近年来白榆在科研和生产等方面都未受到应有的重视。文中介绍了白榆资源地理分布情况及其生物学特性，综述了白榆研究（不同自然类型、遗传结构特性、扦插组培快繁、逆境生理响应、病虫害防治和天然活性成分分析）、利用（生态防护、用材、园林观赏和药用等）和我国白榆良种选育（种子园建设及种子区划、选择育种和杂交育种）的现状，提出了我国白榆推广应用的良种化建议，并对白榆未来的研究进行了展望，以期为进一步提升白榆的研究水平、提高白榆利用的生态和经济效益提供参考。

Research and Utilization of Ulmus pumila and Discussion and Prospect on Its Variety Improvement in China

Ulmus pumila, which is the most widely distributed and important species to Ulmus spp. in China, is of significant economic and ecological value.However, due to the lack of the knowledge of its good traits, U. pumila has failed to attract the due attention in the research and utilization recent years. This paper introduced the geographical distribution and biological characteristics of U. pumila, reviewed its research status (different natural types, genetic structure characteristics, cuttage and tissue culture, physiological response to stress, prevention of disease and pest, analysis of natural active components), utilization status (ecological protection, timber, ornamental usage, medicine and others) and selective breeding and improvement of its varieties (construction of seed orchard, seed division, selective breeding and cross-breeding) in China. Variety improvement of U. pumila was proposed for promoting its application in China and its future research direction was prospected. The study is to further provide theoretical references for raising its research level and improving the ecological and economic benefits of U. pumila utilization.