机翼形量水槽的试验研究

渠道量水设施对灌区节水、实现水资源高效可持续利用具有重要意义，研究具有结构简单、水头损失小、量水精度较高、流量计算公式简明的渠道量水设备，是灌区迫切需要的灌溉管理应用技术之一。该文提出了一种仿真机翼形状的渠道量水设施，在U形渠道中通过12种量水槽收缩比进行了系统的组合试验，试验结果表明：该量水槽过流顺畅，水头损失小，试验数据资料表现出极好的相关性，相关系数为R²=0.9988。应用量纲分析法建立的流量公式具有量纲和谐性，拟合的具有指数形式的流量计算公式简明实用，流量计算平均误差小于3%，临界淹没度可达0.92。

Experimental research on airfoil-shaped flow flume

Water-gauging facility in canals is of great significance to water saving and efficient and sustainable water utilization in irrigation districts. To research the gauging facility with simple structure, low head-loss, high accuracy, simple and clear discharge formula is one of the irrigation management techniques urgently needed in irrigation districts. A dummy airfoil-shaped water-gauging facility was brought forward. Systematic experiments on the U-shaped canals with 12 different contraction ratios for measuring flumes were conducted. The experiment results show that the flow through the flume is smooth, water head-loss is low and experimental data are closely correlated with the correlation coefficient R²=0.9988. The discharge formula established by the method of dimensional analysis is harmonious, and the formula fitted with exponential form is simple, clear and practical, the mean error of discharge calculating results is less than 3%, and critical submergence reaches 0.92.