一株野生羊肚菌的分离鉴定及原种培养基的筛选

对野外茅草林下采集到的一株野生羊肚菌(菌株命名为Y1)进行分离纯化,通过经典分类方法结合分子生物学方法进行品种鉴定,并基于菌丝生长速度、菌丝密度及菌核数量从9种不同培养基配方中筛选最佳原种培养基。结果为:Y1的子实体菌盖呈黄色,上有凹凸不平的网格,菌柄呈白色、中空,形似羊肚菌;在显微镜下观察,菌丝体呈黄色,菌丝粗壮,菌丝结构明显,与羊肚菌属形态特征相似;ITS序列比对显示Y1与羊肚菌属中的黄色羊肚菌类群同源性高达99%,初步鉴定该野生菌株为羊肚菌Mes-19;筛选出的最优原种培养基配方为麦粒75%、土壤23%、石灰1%、过磷酸钙1%。

Isolation and identification of a wild Morchella strain and its spawn medium screening

A wild edible fungus strain Y1 was found under a thatched forest during field investigation. The strain was purified and identified by classical classification and molecular biology methods. At the same time, through the analysis of the mycelial growth speed, mycelial density and the number of sclerotia of Morchella among 9 different kinds of medium formula, the spawn medium of Morchella was screened. The results showed that Y1 fruiting body is yellow in cap, white and hollow in stipe which was similar to Morchella in shape. Moreover, the mycelium was yellow, the mycelium was thick, obvious mycelium structure, under the microscope, which was similar to Morchella in morphological characteristics. The ITS sequence of the strain shared 99% homology with the yellow Morchella species in Morchella genus. It was identified as Morchella sp. Mes-19. The optimum spawn medium formulation was 75% wheat grain, 23% soil, 1% lime and 1% superphosphate.