碳排放如何影响水稻全要素生产率

为了解碳排放对水稻全要素生产率测算产生的影响及其程度,本研究利用2006—2015年中国水稻主产区23个省(市、自治区)水稻面板数据,运用基于方向性距离函数的Malmquist-Luenburger生产率指数和面板Tobit模型,实证分析了碳排放对水稻全要素生产率的影响及省域差异,并深入剖析根源。结果表明:1)中国考虑碳排放的水稻全要素生产率呈先增后降的阶段性特征,且整体处于恶化状态,仅少数省份实现了增长;2)整体增长动力来源由技术效率改善向前沿技术进步转变,而实现增长的省份主要得益于前沿技术进步和技术效率改善的双重作用;3)水稻生产"高碳""低碳"省份呈现明显的南北—东西"T"字型交叉分布格局;4)整体水稻TFP_C及其分解指数增长得益于城镇化水平、工业化水平的推动,但受到经济发展水平及受灾率的制约;5)高低碳群组间差异则主要体现在财政支农力度和种植业结构调整的作用在"低碳"省份得到更好发挥。

How carbon emissions affect rice total factor productivity

To understand the impact of carbon emissions on the measurement of total factor productivity of rice and its extent,based on the rice panel data of 23 provinces in China from 2006 to 2015,the impact of carbon emissions on total factor productivity of rice and provincial difference are empirically analyzed.The Malmquist-Luenburger productivity index based on directional distance function and panel Tobit model are adopted in this study.The results show that:1) Considering carbon emissions,China''s total factor productivity of rice displays first increasing and then decreasing trend,and the overall progress is deteriorating.Only a few provinces have achieved growth.2) The overall growth driving force is transformed from technological efficiency improvement to technological advancement,while the provinces that achieve growth are mainly benefited from the dual role of technological advancement and technological efficiency improvement.3) The "high carbon" and "low carbon" provinces have obvious cross-distribution patterns of T-shaped from northand southto east and west.4) The growth of rice TFP_C and its decomposition index are benefited from the level of urbanization and industrialization,but they are restricted by the level of economic development and the rate of disaster.5)The difference between high and low carbon groups is mainly reflected in the role of fiscal support and planting structure adjustment in the "low carbon" provinces.