桑叶提取物和1-脱氧野尻霉素对大鲵生长性能、肝脏功能及免疫能力的影响

本试验旨在研究桑叶提取物(MLE)和1-脱氧野尻霉素(DNJ)对大鲵生长性能、肝脏功能及免疫能力的影响。选择初始均重为(47.81±0.23)g的大鲵72尾,随机分为3组,每组3个重复,每个重复8尾。对照组饲喂基础饲料,试验组在基础饲料中分别添加7.5 g/kg MLE(MLE组)和0.04 g/kg DNJ(DNJ组)。试验期90 d。结果显示:1)MLE组和DNJ组的终末均重、增重率(WGR)、特定生长率(SGR)和摄食量(FI)均显著高于对照组(P<0.05),饲料系数(FCR)显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。2)MLE组和DNJ组的肌肉和肝脏粗脂肪含量显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。MLE组和DNJ组的肌肉粗蛋白质含量显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。3)MLE组和DNJ组的血浆肉碱棕榈酰转移酶-1(CPT-1)、乙酰辅酶A羧化酶(ACC)活性及CPT-1/ACC均显著高于对照组(P<0.05),且DNJ组显著高于MLE组(P<0.05)。MLE组和DNJ组的血浆谷草转氨酶(AST)、谷丙转氨酶(ALT)活性显著低于对照组(P<0.05),且MLE组显著低于DNJ组(P<0.05)。MLE组和DNJ组的肝脏总抗氧化能力(T-AOC)、总超氧化歧化酶(T-SOD)活性显著高于对照组(P<0.05),且MLE组显著高于DNJ组(P<0.05);MLE组和DNJ组的肝脏丙二醛(MDA)含量显著低于对照组(P<0.05),且MLE组显著低于DNJ组(P<0.05)。4)MLE组和DNJ组的血浆免疫球蛋白M(IgM)含量显著高于对照组(P<0.05),且MLE组显著高于DNJ组(P<0.05)。MLE组和DNJ组的血浆活性氧(ROS)含量显著低于对照组(P<0.05),且DNJ组显著低于MLE组(P<0.05)。由此可见,饲料中添加MLE和DNJ均能改善大鲵生长性能、肝脏功能,提高免疫能力。在改善体组成、肝脏功能方面MLE作用效果优于DNJ,而DNJ对ROS清除效果更佳;MLE的整体添加效果优于DNJ。

Effects of Mulberry Leaf Extract and 1-Deoxynojirimycin on Growth Performance,Liver Function and Immune Ability of Giant Salamander(Andrias davidianus)

This experiment was conducted to explore the effects of mulberry leaf extract(MLE)and 1-deoxynojirimycin(DNJ)on growth performance,liver function and immune ability of giant salamander(Andrias davidianus).Seventy-two Andrias davidianus with initial average weight of(47.81±0.23)g were randomly divided into 3 groups with 3 replicates per group and 8 fish per replicate.The control group were fed a basal diet,and the experimental groups were fed basal diets supplemented with 7.5 g/kg MLE(MLE group)and 0.04 g/kg DNJ(DNJ group),respectively.The experiment lasted for 90 days.The results showed as follows:1)the final body weight,weight gain rate(WGR),specific growth rate(SGR)and feed intake(FI)of MLE and DNJ groups were significantly higher than those of the control group(P<0.05),and the feed conversion rates(FCR)was significantly lower than that of the control group(P<0.05).2)The contents of ether extract in muscle and liver of MLE and DNJ groups were significantly lower than those of the control group(P<0.05).The muscle crude protein content of MLE and DNJ groups was significantly higher than that of the control group(P<0.05).3)The activities of carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1(CPT-1)and acetyl CoA carboxylase(ACC)and CPT-1/ACC in plasma of MLE and DNJ groups were significantly higher than those of the control group(P<0.05),and the DNJ group was significantly higher than MLE group(P<0.05).The activities of aspartate aminotransferase(AST),alanine aminotransferase(ALT)in plasma of MLE and DNJ groups were significantly lower than those of the control group(P<0.05),and the MLE group was significantly lower than DNJ group(P<0.05).The total antioxidant capacity(T-AOC),total superoxide dismutase(T-SOD)activity in liver of MLE and DNJ groups were significantly higher than those of the control group(P<0.05),and the MLE group was significantly higher than DNJ group(P<0.05);the liver malondialdehyde(MDA)content of MLE and DNJ groups was significantly lower than that of the control group(P<0.05),and the MLE group was significantly lower than DNJ group(P<0.05).4)The plasma immunoglobulin M(IgM)content of MLE and DNJ groups was significantly higher than that of the control group(P<0.05),and the MLE group was significantly higher than DNJ group(P<0.05).The plasma reactive oxygen species(ROS)content of MLE and DNJ groups was significantly lower than that of the control group(P<0.05),and the DNJ group was significantly lower than MLE group(P<0.05).It is concluded that dietary addition of MLE and DNJ can improve the growth performance,liver function and immune ability of Andrias davidianus.MLE is better than DNJ on improving body composition and liver function,and DNJ is better than MLE on removal effect of ROS;the overall effect of MLE is better than DNJ.