板栗早熟新品种‘京暑红’

 ：‘京暑红’是实生选育的板栗早熟新品种，在北京地区4 月中旬萌芽，6 月中旬盛花，8 月 22 日左右成熟，果实发育期约75 d。总苞呈椭圆形，每苞平均含坚果2.1 个，苞皮较薄，刺密，出实率 为41.2%。坚果红褐色，果面光滑美观，平均单粒质量8.2g,果肉含水量57.2%，灰分2.0%，脂肪4.5%， 蛋白质5.6%，总糖20.4%，淀粉38.2%，氨基酸1.5%。内果皮易剥离，果肉黄色，质地细糯，风味香甜。 嫁接后第3 年株产可达2.5 kg，在北京板栗产区为极早熟类型。适宜密植栽培，株距2 ~ 3 m，行距3 ~ 4 m。 授粉树配置以‘燕山红栗’、‘燕山早丰’为宜。

A New Early-maturing Cultivar of Chinese Chestnut‘Jingshuhong’

The new extremely early-maturing cultivar of Chinese chestnut named‘Jingshuhong’was selected from natural seedlings. ‘Jingshuhong’ buds on the middle of April，full bloom on the middle of June，and nut mature at the end of August in Beijing. The total fruit developing period is about 75 days. The morphology of involucres is oval. The burr contains 2.1 nuts，and the nut ratio is 44.6%. The nut shell is reddish-brown and smooth. The roasted kernel is faint yellow，smells sweet and savory. The average single nut is 8.2 g. The content of water、ash、fat、protein、sugar、starch and amino acids is 57.2%，2.0%， 4.5%，5.6%，20.4%，38.2% and 1.5%（dry weigh），respectively. Endocarp is easy to peel. After three years grafting，the yield of per chestnut tree is 2.5 kg. This new cultivar is suitable for density cultivation， the density is 2–3 m × 3–4 m.‘Yanshan Hongli’and‘Yanshan Zaofeng’are the appropriate pollination trees.