紫叶柄小菘菜甲型雄性不育两用系的转育及叶柄紫色性状的遗传特性

以紫叶柄小菘菜和绿叶柄小菘菜为试材，配制F₁、F′₁、F₂、BC₁F₁ 群体，探讨小菘菜叶柄紫色性状的遗传特性。结果表明：F₁、F′₁ 叶柄均为紫色，但紫色深浅程度不同；F₂ 和BC₁F₁ 叶柄颜色的分离比例接近3∶1 和1∶1；χ² 检测结果进一步表明，小菘菜叶柄紫色对绿色为显性，受1 对主效基因控制，并且受多个微效基因和环境因素的影响。同时以复等位基因青梗普通白菜（小白菜）不育源为母本，通过杂交、回交和自交，人工选取理想株系的方法，向黑叶小菘菜导入不育基因，转育出经济性状与父本相似的紫叶柄小菘菜甲型雄性不育两用系。

Transformation of Fertile Male Sterile AB Lines Type 1 Greens Komatsuna with Purple Petiole and Genetic Characteristics of Petioles’purple Color

Taking greens komatsuna〔Brassica campestris ssp. Chinensis（L.）Makino〕 with purple petiole and greens komatsuna with green petiole as test materials，we compounded F₁、F′₁、F₂ and BC₁F₁，and investigated the genetic characteristics of purple petioles．The results show that both petioles of F₁、F′₁ are purple，but the degree of purple is different，and the separation ratios of petioles color in F₂ and BC₁F₁ are close to 3 purple∶1 green for F₂ progenies，1 purple∶1 green for BC₁F₁ progenies．The result of χ² test further proved that heredity of petiole color with purple genes was dominant and controlled by one pair of major gene，and also affected by a few minor genes and environmental factors．At the same time，taking infertility source green stem pakchoi controlled by multiple alleles as female parent，we imported the infertility gene into the black leaf greens komatsuna by methods of hybridization，backcross，self-ing and artificial selection for ideal strain，and transformed and developed fertile lines of male sterile AB lines type 1 greens komatsuna with purple.
petioles. Its economic characteristics are similar to the male parent.