青霉Z_（88）菌株对水稻纹枯病菌的抗生作用

青霉Ｚ８８菌株（Ｐｅｎｉｃｉｌｌｉｕｍｓｐ．，是１９８８年作者从土壤中分离出的），经平板培养结果表明：Ｚ８８菌株对水稻纹枯病菌有显著的抗生作用．在ＰＳＡ培养基中加入体积分数为１．５×１０－２—５０×１０－２的Ｚ８８菌株培养滤液，体积分数为５×１０－２以上对水稻纹枯病菌生长的抑制效果均为１００％．在培养滤液中加入水稻纹枯病菌核和带菌琼脂块，４５ｈ后菌体细胞全部死亡．镜检水稻纹枯病菌出现细胞质凝聚、质壁分离和原生质带状断裂．Ｚ８８菌株还可在水稻纹枯病菌核上生长，使菌核失去生活力．以５０—２００倍Ｚ８８培养液浸泡水稻种子２２ｈ，可提高水稻种子发芽率６％—２１％，并促进水稻根系分枝．

Antibiosis of the Blue Mold Strain Z_(88) on Rhizoctonia solani

On plate cultures the new blue mold strain Z88(Penicillium sp., isolated from soils by the author in 1988) showed strong antibiosis on the pathogen of rice sheath blight (Rhizoctonia solani). The test revealed that the inhibiting effect on the pathogen was 100% when PSA medium supplemented with above 50×10-2 of volume fraction of Z88 culture filorate. All fungi cells lyseed in 45 h by the addition of sclerotia or agar bearing the fungus into culture filtrate. The cutoplasmic coacervation, plasmolysis and broken protoplast of the cell coulp be observed under the microscope. The isolate Z88 may also reproduce on the sclerotium and thus made it to be inactive. The germination percentage of rice seeds increased by 6% 21% and the root expansion could be enhanced after dipping the seeds with the culture solution of the strain Z88 for 22 h