不同熟期玉米品种产量与气象因素的统计学分析

采用相关和多元回归方法,分析了吉林省1981～1992年问扩推的5个不同熟期玉米品种产量及产量性状与气象因素间的关系。结果表明:玉米生长期间(5～9月),平均温度在18.8～20.5℃,降水量在370～740mm,日照时数在1050～1343范围内,5个品种的产量和平均温度呈负相关,和日照时数呈正相关,和降水量相关很小。百株穗数和温度,穗粒数、百粒重和日照时效也多为正相关。应用多元回归分析,对气象因素进行选择,发现温度对中熟种产量影响最大,平均温度每增高1℃产量将减少0.53～0.83公斤/100米~2;日照时数对晚熟品种作用较大,每增加1小时日照,产量将增加0.05公斤/100米~2。在分析以玉米抽丝期为界的前后两段气象因素与产量的关系时发现,各因素在后期的影响往往大于前期。

ANALYSES OF CORRELATION BETWEEN YIELD AND METEOROLOGICAL FACTORS FOR DIFFERENT MATURITY HYBRIDS OF MAIZE

The correlation between yield and meteorological factors were analysed by using multiple regression, on the basis of the data of yield traits from five popularizid hybrids of maize, and meteorolgical factors in the period of 1981—1992. During maize growing season from May to September, the range of mean temperature was 18.8～25.5℃, amount of precipitation 370～740mm and hours of sunshine1050～1343hr. The yield was negatively correlated with mean temperature and positively with hours of sunshine and less correlated with amount of precipitation. The positive correlations appeared between 100 plants ear number and mean temperature, between kernal number of ear and nours of sunshine, between 100 kernal weight and hours of sunshine. Selecting the meteorological factors by multiple regression analysis it was found that yield of midium maturing hybrid was largely effected by temperature and was decreased by 0.53—0.83kg/100m~2 as temperature increased 1℃. Yield of late maturing hybrid was influenced by hours of sunshme and was increased by 0.05kg/m~2as increasing of hours of sunshine by 1 hour. By analysing meteorological factors of the phrase before silking and after silking, it was shown that meteorological factors after silking were more effective than those before silking.