贺兰山地区秋季鸟类物种多样性调查

2012年的9月至10月,采用样线调查法对贺兰山地区秋季鸟类组成进行了调查。共记录鸟类5目15科56种,约占全国鸟类种数(1 319种)的4.25%,占宁夏鸟类种数(320种)的17.50%。其中,留鸟25种,占44.64%;夏候鸟14种,占25.00%;旅鸟6种,占10.71%;冬候鸟3种,占5.36%。在地理区划上,古北界鸟类33种,占该地区鸟类种数的58.93%;广布种类23种,占41.07%;没有观测到东洋界鸟类。山地针叶林带出现的鸟类种类最多,有43种;其次是山地疏林草原带,有29种;山地草原、亚高山灌丛和草甸带最少,均为16种。贺兰山秋季有国家Ⅰ级重点保护野生鸟类1种,有国家Ⅱ级重点保护野生鸟类8种。

An Investigation on Diversity of Bird Species of Helan Mountains in Autumn

The composition of autumn birds in Helan mountain area was investigated by transects lines methods during September to October in 2012. The results indicated that 56 bird species, which belong to 5 orders and 15 families, were recorded during this survey. These bird species account for 4.25% of the total number of avifauna in China （1319 species） and 17.50% of the whole avian species （320 species） in Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region. The data suggested that 25 species are residents, 14 species are summer residents, 6 species are travelers, and 3 species are winter residents. Among them, 33 species distribute in the Palaeartic realm, accounting for 58.93% of the total bird species in this area and 23 species distribute widely, accounting for 41.07%. We found no species that belong to oriental realm in the survey. The species that inhabit the mountain coniferous forest （43 species） was most abundant, the species that inhabit the mountain woodland steppe （29 species） was second, and those inhabit the mountain grassland （16 species） and subalpine shrub land and meadow （16species） were least. One bird species is listed as a categoryⅠspecies under the Wild Animal Protection Law by the Chinese government, and 8 species are listed as a categoryⅡspecies.