Simulation of Sandsage-Bluestem Forage Growth Under Varying Stocking Rates |
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| Authors: | SGK Adiku GH Dunn LR Ahuja S Gunter J Bradford L Garcia AA Andales |
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| Institution: | 1. Soil Scientist, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA;2. Soil Scientist, US Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service (USDA-ARS), Agricultural Systems Research Unit, Fort Collins, CO 80526, USA;3. Soil Scientist and Research Leader, US Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service (USDA-ARS), Agricultural Systems Research Unit, Fort Collins, CO 80526, USA;4. Range Scientist and Research Leader, USDA-ARS, Southern Plains Range Research Station, Ft. Supply, OK 73801, USA;5. Range Scientist, USDA-ARS, Southern Plains Range Research Station, Ft. Supply, OK 73801, USA;6. Professor and Head, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA;7. Assistant Professor, Department of Soil and Crops, Department of Soil and Crops, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA;2. USDA, ARS, Conservation and Production Research Laboratory, 2300 Experiment Station Road, Bushland, TX 79012;1. Ecological Restoration Institute, P.O. Box 15017, Flagstaff, AZ, USA;2. Ecological Restoration Institute, P.O. Box 15017, Flagstaff, AZ86011, USA;3. Scottsdale, AZ85254, USA;1. Research assistants, Hulunber Grassland Ecosystem Research Station, Laboratory of Grassland Science, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, People’s Republic of China;2. Researcher, Hulunber Grassland Ecosystem Research Station, Laboratory of Grassland Science, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, People’s Republic of China;3. Research Associate, Hulunber Grassland Ecosystem Research Station, Laboratory of Grassland Science, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, People’s Republic of China;4. Professor, School of Animal Biology and Institute of Agriculture, The University of Western Australia, Crawley WA 6009, Australia;5. Doctor, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, People’s Republic of China;6. Professor, Institute of Botany, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093 |
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| Abstract: | The effect of stocking rate on forage growth has attracted much research attention in forage science. Findings show that forage growth may be affected by stocking rate, and there is a consensus that high stocking rates lead to soil compaction, which could also in turn affect forage growth because of the changing soil hydrology and increased soil impedance to forage root penetration. In this study we used a modeling approach to investigate the effect of stocking rates on the growth of sand-bluestem forage at Fort Supply, Oklahoma. The GPFARM-Range model, which was originally developed and validated for Cheyenne, Wyoming, was recalibrated and enhanced to simulate soil compaction effects on forage growth at Fort Supply. Simulations without the consideration of soil compaction effects overestimated the forage growth under high stocking rate conditions (mean bias MBE] = –591 kg · ha?1), and the agreement between the simulated and observed forage growth was poor (Willmott’s d = 0.47). The implementation in the model of soil compaction effects associated with high stocking rates reduced the bias (MBE = –222 kg · ha?1) and improved the overall agreement between the observed and the simulated forage growth (d = 0.68). It was concluded that forage growth under increasing soil compaction could be predicted provided such sensitivities are included in forage growth models. |
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