机械收割对宿根蔗生理生化指标及产量和蔗糖分的影响

目的]探讨机械收割对宿根蔗生长的影响,为推广应用甘蔗机械收割技术提供理论依据.方法]以甘蔗品种福农15号、柳城03/182、赣蔗18号和粤糖00/236为供试材料,收获机械为HS180型整秆式甘蔗联合收割机.新植蔗于2009年12月29日分别采用机械和人工两种方式收获,其中粤糖00/236收获时蔗叶还田.宿根蔗于翌年2月破垄施肥和除草.201(年7~10月每个月的5日测定一次宿根蔗+1叶叶片的硝酸还原酶活性、可溶性蛋白含量和叶绿素总含量.于2010年12月21日全部人工砍收并测定农艺性状、产量和糖分.结果]机收处理的宿根蔗+1叶叶片的硝酸还原酶活性、可溶性蛋白含量、叶绿素总含量以及茎长、茎径、单茎重、有效茎数、产量、蔗糖分和产糖量与人工处理的相比略有增减,但差异不显著.机械收割处理蔗叶粉碎还田的粤糖00/236的各项测定结果]基本上均比人工处理的略好.结论]机械收割对宿根蔗生长影响不明显,且机械收割蔗叶粉碎还田比传统方式还田效果好.

Effects of mechanical harvesting on physiological indices,yield and sucrose content in ratoon cane

Objective]Effects of mechanical harvesting on the growth of ratoon cane were discussed to promote sugarcane mechanical harvesting.Method]The sugarcane varieties Funong15,Liucheng03/182,Ganzhe18 and Yuetang 00/236 were harvested mechanically and manually on 29th December,2009.The trash of Yuetang 00/236 was returned to the field.Next February,the ratoon canes were fertilized and weeded.The nitrate reductase activity,and soluble protein and chlorophyll content were recorded in leaves(+1) of ratoon crop at every 5th day of each month from July to October,2010.Agronomic traits,yield,and sucrose content were recorded on 21st December,2010.Result]The nitrate reductase activity,soluble protein and chlorophyll content,stem length,stem diameter,single cane weight,available cane quantity,yield and sucrose content in mechanically harvested canes were found slightly different from those harvested manually.While in variety Yuetang 00/236,the results of mechanically harvested canes were somewhat better than those harvested manually.Conclusion]Mechanical harvesting did not affect the growth of ratoon cane significantly.It gave better results when the trash in mechanically harvested canes was returned to the fields.