环渤海地区耕地利用集约度时空分异研究

深入开展区域耕地集约度的评价分级及动态变化研究有助于强化县域耕地集约利用、保障粮食安全和提高农民收入。该文以环渤海地区327个县域为研究单元,通过构建耕地利用集约度指数及考核模型,计算了1996、2000、2004和2008年的耕地利用集约度并分析其变动规律。研究认为,1996年以来,环渤海地区县域耕地利用集约度整体呈现上升趋势;耕地利用集约度空间差异显著,高度集约区集中分布在太行山山前平原区、鲁北平原区和鲁西南平原区;基本集约区和不集约区在山地丘陵区和坝上高原区集聚;平原区县域耕地利用集约度显著提高,山地丘陵区和坝上高原区的耕地利用集约度不同程度地下降。此项研究揭示了环渤海地区耕地利用集约度的空间分异格局,便于为不同地区提高耕地集约利用水平提供有针对性的政策建议。

Spatial-temporal Variance of Cultivated Land Intensive Use in the Area along Bohai Rim

To strengthen the agriculture production function at county-level,ensure national grain security and improve farmers’ income,it is of great practical significance to develop a deep evaluation and classification research to cultivated land use intensity.Take the 327 counties in the area along Bohai Rim as research units,the evaluation index system for cultivated land use intensity is established from four aspects: land investment degree,utilizing intensity,utilizing efficiency and sustainable development status.The weight of each index is calculated by the principal component analysis method,and then the intensity of cultivated land use in 1996,2000,2004 and 2008 is evaluated and graded.The result demonstrates that: ① the spatial variance of the intensive use is remarkable,showing a trend of higher in the piedmont plain of Taihang mountain and alluvial plain region of Haihe river,and lower in mountainous-hilly areas and tableland areas;②the temporal variability of intensive use level of cultivated land is very obvious.On the whole,the cultivated land use intensity shows an increasing tendency from the year 1996 to 2008,and it has been increasing in 269 counties;③the intensity of cultivated land use has been improved significantly in plain and has been weakened as the implementation of Conversion of Cropland to Forest and Grassland Project in mountainous-hilly areas and tableland areas.Above all,on one hand,this paper can improve the accuracy of intensive use appraisal;on the other hand,give some advices to enhance intensive use degree of cultivated land in the area along Bohai Rim.