新疆小麦地方品种遗传多样性的SSR分析

为了评价新疆小麦地方品种的遗传多样性,利用42对SSR引物对75份新疆小麦地方品种进行遗传多样性分析。结果表明：在75份地方品种中42个SSR位点共检测到317个等位变异,等位变异变化范围为2~15个,平均7.55个;多态性信息指数(PIC值)变化范围为0.169~0.905,平均0.696。基因组的平均等位变异是D＞B＞A,遗传多样性指数为B＞D＞A。聚类分析表明75份供试新疆小麦材料可划分为3大类8亚类,聚类结果与材料的生态型密切相关,冬小麦地方品种和春小麦地方品种分别归属不同的类或亚类,春小麦地方品种的遗传多样性高于冬小麦地方品种,同时也反映了一定的地域特性。总之,新疆小麦地方品种具有丰富的遗传多样性,可用以拓宽育成品种的遗传基础。

Genetic Diversity of Wheat Landraces from Xinjiang Region using SSR Markers

Genetic diversity of wheat landraces from Xinjiang was investigated at DNA level. 75 wheat accessions were evaluated using 42 SSR markers distributed over whole wheat genome. The result indicated that 317 alleles were detected at 42 SSR loci from 75 accessions of local varieties. The alleles number of per locus was from 2 to 15, with an average of 7.55. Mean PIC (polymorphism information content) value of SSR primer was 0.696, with variation range from 0.169 to 0.905. The average allelic number of genome was D＞B＞A, while the genetic diversity indices was B＞D＞A. The cluster analysis indicated that these 75 accessions of Xinjiang wheat landraces could be divided into 3 groups and 8 sub-groups, which had close relation with the ecotype of these accessions. Winter wheat and spring wheat landraces belonged to different groups or sub-groups. The genetic diversity of spring wheat landraces was higher than that of the winter wheat landraces. In conclusion, the rich genetic diversity of Xinjiang wheat landraces could be used to broaden genetic basis of wheat cultivars.