沼液堆肥化与牛粪堆肥化的发酵特性及腐熟进程

为评价沼液作为堆肥含氮添加剂的应用效果,开发沼液的处理应用技术,以牛粪树叶堆肥为对照,将沼液和树叶混合堆制发酵,探讨其发酵特性与腐熟进程。研究结果表明,环境温度一直在10℃以下,沼液堆肥化和牛粪堆肥化均能经历35d以上的堆温超过50℃的高温发酵;而沼液堆肥化超过50℃的高温期持续时间比牛粪堆肥化少8d;经60d的发酵沼液堆肥化的半纤维素含量从发酵初期的12.14%下降到6.53%,纤维素含量由20.5%下降到9.8%;而牛粪堆肥化的半纤维素含量从12.8%下降到9.56%,纤维素含量由21.5%下降到15.9%。可见沼液堆肥化的分解更彻底。从C/N、温度、可溶性糖含量、含水量、种子发芽指数综合评价两种堆肥的腐熟度,沼液堆肥化进入腐熟状态约经30d,而牛粪堆肥化进入腐熟约需45d。

Fermentation Process and Maturation Characteristics for Biogas Slurry and Cattle Manure Compost

This experiment evaluated biogas slurry compost,and was particularly interested in the changes in maturation time and composition characteristics that resulted from the application of nitrogen additives.We investigated changes in various fermentation and maturation processes in both biogas slurry and leaf composts,and we used cattle and leaf compost as the control.Results demonstrated that the duration of the thermophilic phase（more than 50 ℃）for biogas slurry compost was 8 days longer than the according duration for cattle manure compost.For the biogas compost,hemicellulose and cellulose concentrations decreased from 12.1% and 20.5%,to 6.5% and 9.8%,respectively;meanwhile,concentrations for the cattle manure compost decreased to 9.6% and 15.9%.Biogas slurry compost decomposed completely.We assessed compost maturity using the following measured values：C/N,temperature,soluble sugar content,water content,and the germination index.As indicated by the germination index results,biogas slurry compost and cattle manure compost reached standard maturity within 30 d and 45 d,respectively.