吡虫啉和多菌灵单施及同时施用对番茄生长的影响

在实地调研的基础上,以山东寿光当前普遍栽种的两个番茄品种中杂9号和中杂106号为指示植物,研究了当地施用较典型的杀虫剂吡虫啉和杀菌剂多菌灵单施及同时施用对番茄生长及生理生化指标的影响。结果表明：吡虫啉在0~0.07 mg.L-1范围内、多菌灵在0~0.4 mg.L-1范围内,无论单施或同时施用对两个番茄品种的植株鲜重和叶绿素含量都有一定的促进作用;吡虫啉超过0.14 mg.L-1、多菌灵超过0.8 mg.L-1,随着单施或同时施用浓度的提高,对两个番茄品种的植株鲜重和叶绿素含量的抑制作用越来越明显,且中杂9号番茄对吡虫啉和多菌灵的耐受性高于中杂106号番茄。如中杂106号番茄B2.8D1.6处理的植株鲜重仅为B0.035D0.2处理的20%,B2.8D1.6处理的叶绿素含量仅为对照处理的8%。两种番茄的过氧化物酶活性均随吡虫啉浓度的增加而显著增加（P〈0.05）,多菌灵在试验处理浓度范围对其影响不显著。吡虫啉和多菌灵单施或同时施用均显著提高了中杂9号番茄过氧化氢酶活性（P〈0.05）,而中杂106号番茄由于本身过氧化氢酶活性较高,农药的施用对其酶活性影响并不显著。两种番茄的丙二醛含量和细胞膜透性比较高,施用农药对二者影响相对较小。单施B2.8、单施D1.6以及同时施用B2.8D1.6后中杂106号番茄的游离脯氨酸含量显著提高（P〈0.05）,分别是对照处理的2.4、2.4倍和2.6倍。

Effects of Imidacloprid and Carbendazim on the Growth of Tomato

Effects of insecticide imidacloprid and fungicide carbendazim whether in single use or their combinations on the growth,physiological and biochemical characteristics of two tomato varieties i.e.Zhongza No.9 and 106 which were widely cultivated in Shouguang,Shandong Province were investigated in the laboratory.The results showed that the two varieties performed different tolerance to imidacloprid and carbendazim,which was higher for Zhongza No.9 than that of Zhongza No.106.Regardless of single or complexes application,plant fresh weight and chlorophyll content of two tomato varieties demonstrated facilitation within 0~0.07 mg·L-1 of imidacloprid and 0~0.4 mg·L-1 of carbendazim.With the concentration improvement of single or complexes application,the inhibition of plant fresh weight and chlorophyll content of two tomato varieties were more and more obvious beyond 0.14 mg·L-1 of imidacloprid and 0.8 mg·L-1 of carbendazim.Under high concentration of complexes application,the plant fresh weight of Zhongza No.106 was significantly low（P0.05）,e.g.B2.8D1.6 was only 20% of B0.035D0.2;the chlorophyll content of Zhongza No.9 and 106 was significantly decreased（P0.05）,e.g.B2.8D1.6 was only 8% of CK.The peroxidase activity of the two tomato varieties was significantly increased along with imidacloprid concentration increasing（P0.05）,while carbendazim concentration had no significant effects on it.The catalase activity of Zhongza No.9 was significantly increased（P0.05） with the two pesticides either single or complexes application.Effects of pesticides application on catalase activity of Zhongza No.106 were not significant,because CK was already at high level.Malondialdehyde content and cell membrane permeability of two tomato varieties were so high that effects of pesticides application were less prominent.The free proline concent of Zhongza No.106 was significantly increased to 2.4,2.4 times and 2.6 times respectively than that of CK with B2.8,D1.6 single application and B2.8D1.6 complexes application.