2018年我国小麦赤霉病菌对多菌灵抗性检测

以多菌灵为主的苯并咪唑类杀菌剂一直是小麦抽穗扬花期防控赤霉病的主要手段之一。本研究对2018年我国主要麦区采集的1 464株赤霉病菌菌株进行多菌灵抗性分子检测。共检测出多菌灵抗性菌株97株,抗性频率为6.63%,同时发现抗性菌株以F167Y突变频率最高,其次为E198Q和F200Y。通过比较不同省份间多菌灵抗性发生频率发现,长江中下游麦区赤霉病菌群体抗性频率明显高于黄淮麦区群体。本研究相比之前研究中的抗性频率大幅度上升,表明在多菌灵的选择压力下,多菌灵抗性种群发展迅速。为防止抗性群体的进一步发展,致使多菌灵防治赤霉病失效,应采用混配、复配药剂、不同作用机理的杀菌剂交替轮换使用来防治小麦赤霉病。

Detection of genotypes of carbendazim-resistant isolates of Fusarium graminearum species complex

The methyl benzimidazole carbamates fungicide, carbendazim, has been one of the most effective fungicides for controlling Fusarium head blight during the period of wheat heading and flowering. In this study, a total of 1 464 Fusarium graminearum isolates were collected from infected wheat heads, and their resistance to carbendazim was detected by allele-specific PCR primers. In total, 97 F. graminearum isolates resistant to carbendazim were detected, and overall frequency of carbendazim resistance was 6.63%. F167Y had the highest mutation frequency, followed by E198Q and F200Y. Comparing the frequency of carbendazim resistance in different provinces showed that the resistant frequency of the population in the middle-lower Yangtze Valleys Wheat Region were significantly higher than that in the Huang-Huai River Region. The resistance frequency in this study was significantly higher than in previous studies, indicating that carbendazim-resistant population developed rapidly under the selective pressure of carbendazim. In order to prevent the further development of resistant population and carbendazim failed to control Fusarium head blight, the mixture, compound agents and fungicides with different modes of action should be used alternately in Fusarium head blight control.