关于乔灌草相结合的几个问题

乔灌草相结合方针的提出,是由单纯营造乔木林向乔灌草相结合造林的一个转折,从而将灌草提高到与乔木一样的重要地位。大量调查和观测研究证明,在干旱、瘠薄的侵蚀劣地,乔木生长不良,而灌木具有较强的适应性,并具有较好的生态效益及经济效益。灌木生长快,能在几年内解决烧柴、饲料、肥料、肥料俱缺的问题;灌木有较高的经济价值,有的是重要药材,有的是维生素C含量很高的水果或“笫三代水果”,有的是制取香料兼有观赏价值的灌木,有的是编织条材……。草与灌木有着类似的作用,且收益快,对尽快解决“三料”困难有更好的作用。营造多层次的混交林是今后造林的方向,是乔灌草相结合的必然发展。

Several Problems on the Combination of Tree,Shrub and Fodder Grass

Putting forward the policy of planting arbor tree, shrub and fodder grass in combination was a turning point from simply planting arbor trees, raising the importance of shrub and fodder grass to the same level as that of the arbor tree. A great amount of investigation and observation had indicated that arbor trees cannot grow well in the arid barren erodible inferior land while shrub has a stronger adaptability and can generate better economic benefits. Shrub, with a fast growth rate, can be used as fertilizer several years after it is planted; Shrubs have high economic value, some are important medicinal materials, some are fruits with very high concentration of vitamin C or "third generation" fruits, some are decorative plants, may be used to extract perfumes and some can be used as weaving materials, etc.. Grass has the similar benefits as shrub and quick economic return, playing a better role in solving the problem of shortage of fuel, feed and fertilizer. Future direction of afforestation is to plant various levels of mixed forest which is an inevitable trend of combination of tree, shrub and fodder grass.