山东烟区抗寒早熟冬油菜品种筛选研究

为筛选山东烟区适宜种植冬油菜品种,构建山东烟草与油菜轮作种植新模式,于2020-2021年在山东典型烟区潍坊诸城开展冬油菜品种筛选试验,从越冬率、生育期、植株长势、油菜籽产量和品质等角度筛选适宜油菜品种。结果表明:供试品种中,天油142和运白2号虽为双高白菜型品种,但具有抗寒性强、生育期短、产量较高的明显优点,在山东烟区轮作换茬时间紧张的情况下,具有与烟草合理接茬的优势,可作为山东烟区烟油一年两熟轮作模式的适宜油菜品种；甘蓝型油菜品种秦优11004和晋油11号生育期较短、产量突出、品质较好,可作为与山东烟草一年两熟搭配种植的较适宜冬油菜品种；甘蓝型油菜品种陕油21、秦优33和荣华油10号生育期相对较短、产量相对较高、品质较好,可作为与山东烟草一年两熟搭配种植的后备冬油菜品种。

Study on Selection of Cold-resistant and Early Maturing Winter Rapeseed Varieties in Shandong Tobacco Region

In order to screen suitable winter rapeseed varieties for planting in Shandong tobacco growing areas and construct a new rotation planting model between tobacco and rapeseed in Shandong, selection experiment of winter rapeseed varieties was carried out in Shandong typical tobacco district Weifang Zhucheng in 2020-2021, to select suitable rapeseed varieties from the perspectives of overwintering rate, growth period, plant growth, rapeseed yield and quality. The results showed that, Tianyou 142 and Yunbai 2 had the obvious advantages of strong cold resistance, short growth period and high yield among the tested varieties, even they were double-high cabbage varieties. Under the situation of short rotation time in Shandong tobacconic area, they have the advantage of reasonable intercropping with tobacco, and can be used as the suitable rapeseed varieties in Shandong tobacconic area. Brassica napus varieties Qinyou 11004 and Jinyou 11 had short growth period, outstanding yield and good quality, and can be used as suitable winter rape varieties with Shandong tobacco. Brassica napus varieties Shaanxi You 21, Qinyou 33 and Ronghua You 10 had relatively short growth period, relatively high yield and good quality, and can be used as the reserve winter rape varieties planted with Shandong tobacco.