贵州荞麦重要种质的遗传多样性分析及分子身份证构建

为精准鉴定贵州荞麦种质资源，采用SSR分子标记对60份荞麦种质进行遗传多样性分析，构建DNA分子身份证数据库。结果显示，从100对SSR引物中筛选出16对稳定性好、多态性丰富的引物，在60份供试种质中共扩增出174个多态性条带；Shannon’s信息指数、Nei’s多样性指数、多态信息指数均值分别为0.337、0.206、0.693，引物的多态性较好，能有效揭示60份荞麦种质的遗传多样性；在Dice遗传相似系数为0.374时，所有供试材料可聚为A、B、C 三组；当Dice遗传相似系数为0.484时，将苦荞组（A组）更细分为A1、A2两个小组。采用毛细管电泳及8%的聚丙烯酰胺凝胶（PAGE）电泳对SSR标记扩增产物进行双验证，2种方法的聚类结果一致。结果表明，本研究开发的高效性SSR分子标记能够有效地鉴定贵州荞麦重要种质的遗传多样性且用于构建分子身份证。

Genetic diversity and ID construction of important buckwheat germplasm in Guizhou Province based on SSR markers

SSR markers were used to analyze the genetic diversity and construct a DNA molecular ID database of 60 buckwheat germplasms in order to accurately identify the buckwheat germplasm resources in Guizhou province. The results showed that 16 pairs of stable and polymorphic primers were screened from 100 pairs of SSR primers. A total of 174 polymorphic bands were amplified from 60 germplasm studied. The mean value of Shannon’s information index， Nei’s diversity index， and polymorphic information index was 0.337， 0.206， and 0.693， respectively. It is indicated that the polymorphism of primers is good， which can effectively identify the genetic diversity of 60 buckwheat germplasms. When the Dice genetic similarity coefficient was 0.374， all materials tested were clustered into three groups including A， B， and C. When the Dice genetic similarity coefficient was 0.484， the Tartary buckwheat group （Group A） was further divided into two subgroups including A1 and A2. The results of clustering SSR amplification products validated by capillary electrophoresis and 8 polyacrylamide gel （PAGE） electrophoresis were consistent. It is indicated that the efficient SSR molecular markers developed can effectively identify the genetic diversity and can be used to construct DNA molecular ID cards of important buckwheat germplasm in Guizhou province.