Enhancement of crop yields from subsurface drains with various envelopes |
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| Institution: | 1. Computer Based Engineering Applications Department, Informatics Research Institute, City of Scientific Research and Technological Applications (SRTA-City), New Borg El-Arab City, 21934, Alexandria, Egypt;2. Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt;4. Faculty of Computer Science and Engineering, AlAlamein International University, El Alamein, Egypt;1. USDA-ARS Soil Drainage Research Unit, Columbus, OH, United States;2. USDA-ARS National Soil Erosion Research Laboratory, West Lafayette, IN, United States;3. The Ohio State University, Marion, OH, United States |
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| Abstract: | A field experiment was conducted for 10 years in the Nile Delta of Egypt to quantify the benefit of subsurface drainage on crop yield. During three crop rotations, subsurface drains at a spacing of 20 m and a depth of 1.5 m doubled the yield of cotton and rice and increased the yield of wheat and clover by 50%. No significant enhancement in crop yield was found from placing various envelope materials around the drains compared to no envelope. Drains of 75 mm diameter resulted in significantly lower yields (20% less) for cotton and rice than drains of 100 mm diameter but there were no yield differences for wheat and clover. Applying 10 Mg/ha of gypsum and deep plowing (25 cm deep) improved yields from 5 to 19% for all crops, cotton and clover having the largest yield improvement. Soil salinity to a depth of 1.5 m was reduced from an average 5.3–2.2 dS/m after 1 year of drainage without additional water being applied beyond the normal irrigation amounts and rainfall. |
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