Dispersal of Quercus mongolica acorns in a broadleaved deciduous forest |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Plant Conservation and Population Biology, Biology Department, University of Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 31, Box 2435, 3001 Leuven, Belgium;2. Research Institute for Nature and Forest (INBO), Flemish Government, Gaverstraat 4, 9500 Geraardsbergen, Belgium;3. Division Forest, Nature and Landscape Research, University of Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200E, Box 2411, 3001 Leuven, Belgium;1. Departamento de Botánica, Ecología y Fisiología Vegetal, Universidad de La Laguna, Avda. Francisco Sánchez s/n, 38071 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain;2. Plant Biology, CIBIO/InBio, Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos, Laboratório Associado, Universidade do Porto, Campus Agrário de Vairão, 4485-661 Vairão, Portugal;1. Institute of Integrative Biology, Department of Evolution, Ecology, and Behaviour, University of Liverpool, Crown Street, Liverpool L69 7ZB, United Kingdom;2. Plant Biology, CIBIO/InBIO, Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos, Laboratório Associado, Universidade do Porto. Campus Agrário de Vairão, 4485-661 Vairão, Portugal;1. Laboratory of Forest Ecology, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Osaki, Miyagi 989 6711, Japan;2. Miyagi prefectural Forestry Technology Institute, Japan;3. Department of Biology, Yamagata University, Yamagata 990-8560, Japan |
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| Abstract: | Effects of two sets of factors on the disappearance of acorns of Q. mongolica var. grosserrata were investigated. Acorns were distributed on (a) the floor of a forest with its canopy intact, (b) the floor of a forest clearing, (c) the vegetated sloping bank of a forest road, and (d) a bare forest road. They disappeared fastest from the forest with intact canopy and slowest from the bare road, an effect thought to be directly related to amounts of cover.When the acorns were covered with frames having netting with different-sized apertures, a mesh of 3.0×4.0 cm did not appreciably alter the rate of acorn disappearance compared with the uncovered controls: a mesh of 0.5×0.5 cm totally inhibited the disappearance of acorns.Five species of small mammal were live-trapped. Of these, Clethrionomys rufocanus, Apodemus argentinus and A. speciosus are thought to be implicated in the disappearance of acorns. The rate of acorn disappearance seems to be directly related to total numbers of small mammals.Acorns disappeared more rapidly when distributed on the ground than when buried. |
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