不同鸡种肌肉常量化学成分的比较研究

对5个鸡种不同性别及不同部位肌肉(胸肌与腿肌)的6项常量化学成分:水分、粗蛋白质、粗脂肪、粗灰分、钙、磷含量进行比较分析,结果表明:①这6项常量化学成分在不同鸡种、不同性别、不同部位肌肉之间有所不同,均具有极显著(P<0.01)或显著(P<0.05)差异。②胸肌的水分含量(73.69%~75.90%)高于腿肌(69.48%~72.96%)。南海麻黄鸡的胸肌水分含量(♂74.31%、♀75.90%)显著高于黄鸡(N系)(♂73.76%、♀73.81%)(P<0.05),而腿肌则是黄鸡(K系)显著高于黄鸡(N系)(P<0.05)。③胸肌粗蛋白质(19.77%~21.34%)高于腿肌(15.31%~17.54%)。黄鸡(N系)的胸肌粗蛋白质含量极显著高于黄鸡(K系)(P<0.01),腿肌是黄鸡(N系)显著高于黄鸡(K系)(P<0.05)。④胸肌粗脂肪含量(1.63%~2.67%)低于腿肌(7.42%~10.32%)。黄鸡(N系)的胸肌含量最高,江西鸡含量最低,但差异不显著(P>0.05),腿肌是黄鸡(N系)显著高于江西鸡(P<0.05)。⑤胸肌粗灰分含量(0.93%~1.31%)略高于腿肌(0.81%~1.12%)。黄鸡(N系)的胸肌含量极显著高于黄鸡(K系)(P<0.01),黄鸡(K系)腿肌含量极显著高于南海麻黄鸡(P<0.01)。⑥5个鸡种的钙、磷含量(0.02%~0.04%、0.07%~0.19%)都较低。江西鸡的胸肌、腿肌钙含量显著高于黄鸡(N系)(P<0.05),黄鸡(N系)的胸肌磷含量极显著高于黄鸡(K系)(P<0.01),而腿肌磷含量则是黄鸡(N系)极显著高于南海麻黄鸡(P<0.01)。

Analysis of Chemistry Ingredient in Different Chicken Muscles

The chemistry ingredients in muscle including water content,crude protein,crude fat,coarse ash,calcium and phosphor of five chicken breeds(Jiangxi Yellow Chicken,Nahai Yellow Chicken,Yellow Chicken M strain,N strain and K strain) were analyzed.The result showed: ① the composition of six chemical ingredients was varied among different chicken strains,different chicken sex and different muscle part with significant diffenence(from P<0.05 to P<0.01);② the water content of chest muscle(73.69%～75.90%)was higher than that of the leg muscle(69.48%～72.96%).The water content of Nanhai Yellow Chicken chest muscle was remarkably higher(P<0.05) than that of that of Yellow N strain,while the leg muscle of Yellow K strain(♂72.96% and ♀70.58%)was remarkably higher(P<0.05) than the N strain(♂69.48% and ♀70.13%);③ the overall crude protein in chest muscle was 19.77%～21.34%,which was higher than the 15.31%～17.54% of leg muscle.The crude protein in chest muscle of Yellow N strain was very outstandingly(P<0.01) more than that in the K strain,whereas crude protein in the leg muscle of N strain was remarkably(P<0.05) more than that in the K strain;④ as to the crude fat,the content in chest muscle(1.63%～2.67%)was less than the leg muscle(7.42%～(10.32%)).The chest muscle of Yellow N type contained most crude fat and the chest muscles of Jiangxi Yellow Chicken contained least,but the difference was not remarkable(P>0.05). And the crude fat content in leg muscle of the Yellow N strain was remarkably higher(P<0.05) than that in Jiangxi Yellow Chicken;⑤ the coarse ash in chest muscle(0.93%～1.31%) was slightly higher than that in the leg muscle(0.81%～1.12%).Its content in chest muscle of Yueqin N strain was very outstandingly(P<0.01) higher than that in the K strain,and the content in leg muscle of the Yellow K type was outstandingly(P<0.01) higher than that in the Nanhai Yellow Chicken and ⑥ both the content of calcium and phosphor were low in these five chicken strains.The calcium in chest and leg muscles of Jiangxi Yellow Chicken were remarkably(P<0.05) more than that in the Yellow N strain.The phosphor in chest muscle of Yellow N strain was very outstandingly(P<0.01) higher than that in the K strain and the phosphor in the leg muscle of Yellow N type was outstandingly(P<0.01) higher than that in the Nanhai Yellow Chicken.