滴灌高频施肥条件下玉米适宜灌水量的试验研究

通过大田试验,在高频施肥条件下设置了低水(H1,0.56KcET0),中水(H2,0.8KcET0),高水(H3,1.04 KcET0)3个不同灌水量,研究风沙土滴灌灌水量对玉米生长、干物质积累和产量的影响.结果表明:H1处理土壤含水率长期低于60％的田间持水率,H2和H3处理土壤水分能长期保持在田间持水率的60％以上...

An experimental study on suitable irrigation amount of maize under drip irrigation and high frequency fertilization

Through field experiment, three different irrigation amounts (low water: 0.56 K_cET₀, middle water: 0.8 K_cET₀, high water: 1.04 K_cET₀) were set under the condition of high frequency fertilization to study effects of different treatments on the growth,dry matter quality, and yield of maize. The result showed that soil moisture content of low water treatment (H1) was lower than 60% field capacity for a long time, and the soil water content of middle water (H2) and high water (H3) treatments kept above 60% of the field capacity for a long time. Irrigation quantity had a significant effect on maize growth. The plant height of H2 treatment was significantly higher than that of H1 and H3 treatment in filling stage and mature stage, that was 13.8% and 10.8% at filling stage, and 12.9% and 10.7% at mature stage,respectively. The stem diameter of H3 treatment from jointing stage to mature stage was significantly higher than that of H1 treatment. The stem diameter of H3 treatment in jointing stage was the largest, which was 28.9 mm, 8.5% thicker than that of H1 treatment. The mean value of leaf area index (LAI) of H2 treatment was 22.6% and 16.7% higher than that of H1 and H3 treatment, respectively. The chlorophyll content (SPAD value) of H2 treatment was significantly higher than that of H1 and H3 treatments at ear stage and filling stage, that was 13.8% and 10.8% at ear stage, and 12.9% and 10.7% at filling stage, respectively. The dry matter of the above|ground part was the highest in H2 treatment, reaching 303.5g, which was 15.4% and 3.3% higher than that of H1 and H3, respectively. The effect of irrigation amount on the individual yield components was not significant, but H2 treatment had the heaviest ear weight, reaching 382.9 g, which was 30.8% and 4.2% heavier than that of H1 and H3 treatments, respectively. The yield and water use efficiency were H2, H3, H1 from high to low. The yield and water use efficiency of middle water treatment (H2) were 12.3 t·hm^-2 and 2.16 kg·m^-3. In sandy land areas, low water treatment caused maize short of water in the early stage, and treatments with medium and high water provided suitable water conditions for maize. However, the high water treatment reduced fertilizer efficiency. Therefore, combined with the test results, the recommended irrigation water amount was 0.8 K_cET₀ under the condition of high frequency fertilization of drip irrigation in aeolian sandy soil.