快生型大豆根瘤菌的耐盐机制和结瘤性状

1983年,我们自天津及新疆盐碱地分离了14株快生型大豆根瘤菌,一般都能耐0.3—0.4MNaCl,其中 RT19菌株为轻度嗜盐细菌,在无盐的 YM 培养液中生长缓慢,但在含有0.3MNaCl 的 YM 培养液中生长迅速,而且在0.6MNaCl 条件下仍可生长。该茵还可在酸性(pH5.0)和碱性(pH10.5)条件下生长,表现出较强的抗逆性。从美国引进的 USDA191等11株快生型大豆根瘤菌也能在0.3—0.4MNaCl 条件下生长。将这些菌株在夏播大豆112-2-4作结瘤试验,发现除 USDA191外,其他快生型大豆根瘤菌的结瘤和固氮能力一般较差。天津快生型大豆根瘤菌也有类似现象,但其中 RT14菌株表现出较高的固氮酶活性。USDA191能在13个不同的大豆品种结瘤,表明该菌具有广谱性。在0.2MNaCl 条件下,USDA191菌株细胞内的谷氯酸含量急剧上升,以平衡培养基的渗透性。而且,它的耐盐性与培养基所含的氨基酸有关。

SALT TOLERANCE AND NODULATION CHARACTERISTICS OF FAST-GROWING SOYBEAN RHIZOBIA

Fourteen strains of fast-growing soybean rhizobia were isolated from saline-alkali regions of the Tianjin and Xingjiang Uighur Autonomous Region in 1983.These isolates can grow in YM liquid medium with con- centrations of NaCl up to 0.3-0.4M generally.One of these strains,RT 19,shows a slightly halophilic growth pattern.It grows slowly in YM liquid medium in the absence of salt,but grows faster in medium con- taining 0.3M NaCl,and is still able to grow in the presence of 0.6M NaCl. Eleven strains of fast-gr...