家兔抗长角血蜱免疫模型的建立及对长角血蜱成蜱生长发育的影响

每隔2周用长角血蜱成蜱定量感染家兔,成功构建了具有不同抵抗力的家兔免疫模型。ELISA检测结果表明,家兔血清中的抗体效价从初次叮咬后第3周开始呈阳性,随着叮咬次数的增加抗体水平逐渐上升,第11周时达到高峰。具有一定抵抗力的家兔对长角血蜱成蜱的吸血和生长发育影响显著,其抗体水平与长角血蜱成蜱在兔体的吸血周期、死亡率成正相关,与雌蜱的饱血脱落率、饱血体重成负相关。结果进一步证明,蜱的唾液腺是其主要的免疫器官之一。家兔抗体水平的持续期足以使长角血蜱完成一个世代,可以满足试验需求,是抗蜱免疫研究理想的阳性对照模型。同时,血清中特异性抗体的效价也可以作为判断动物对长角血蜱抵抗力强弱的重要指标之一。

Construction of Rabbit Immunity Model Against Haemaphysalis longicornis and Its Effects on H.longicornis Adult Growth

In this study the rabbit immunity model against Haemaphysalis longicornis was constructed by infestation with H.longicornis adult quantitatively every two weeks.The results of ELISA showed that the antibody was positive three weeks post the first infection,the antibody level rising with the increasing of infection and reached the peak at the 11^th week.The resistance of rabbit against H.longicornis significantly influenced the H.longicornis plump-blooding period.The antibody level was positively correlated to the bloodsucking period and the mortality of female H.longicornis adult and negatively correlated to the weight of plump-blooding female adult.These results indicated that the salivary gland is one of the main organs in the anti-H.longicornis immunity.The maintenance of the antibody level was long enough to make H.longicornis to complete a generation,which satisfied the experiment requirement.So it is an ideal model for anti-H.longicornis immunity positive control research.At the same time,the specific antibody level in the serum can be one of the important indexes to evaluate the extent of animal resistance to H.longicornis.