不同盐浓度下外源微生物菌对水稻生长发育及产量的影响

【目的】 研究外源菌对水稻耐盐性的影响机制。【方法】 以水稻品种秋田小町为材料,于2019年4~10月采用盆栽方式,研究不同盐胁迫下(0、1、2、4 g/kg)根系接种微生物菌对水稻的生育进程、地上部生长指标、产量及产量构成因素的影响。【结果】 水稻根系在接种和未接种外源微生物菌后,其苗期成活率、孕穗期单株叶面积、最高分蘖数、单株干物质总量、每穗粒数、结实率、千粒重及单株产量均随着NaCl 浓度的增加呈下降的趋势,且轻度盐胁迫处理(1 g/kg)与正常对照处理(0 g/kg)之间无显著差异(P<0.05);在中度盐胁迫(2 g/kg)下,接种外源微生物菌比较未接种条件可显著提高水稻苗期成活率、孕穗期单株叶面积、分蘖成穗能力、单株干物质总量和单株产量;在重度盐胁迫(4 g/kg)下,水稻植株受盐害死亡,外源菌的效果未能体现。【结论】 当水稻受到中度盐胁迫(2 g/kg)时,水稻根系接种外源微生物菌可以缓解盐逆境对水稻生长的抑制作用,提升水稻成活率和产量,增加水稻耐盐性。

Effects of Exogenous Microorganisms on Growth and Yield of Rice under Different Salt Concentrations

【Objective】 To clarify the influence mechanism of exogenous bacteria on salt tolerance of rice.【Methods】 Rice variety "Akita Komachi " was taken as experimental material and the experiment was conducted from April to October 2019 by pot culture to study the effects of root inoculation with microorganisms on the growth process, shoot growth index, yield and yield components of rice under different salt stress (0 g/kg, 1 g/kg, 2 g/kg, 4 g/kg).【Results】 The results showed that the survival rate of rice seedlings, leaf area per plant at booting stage, maximum tiller number, total dry matter per plant, number of grains per panicle, seed setting rate, 1,000 grain weight and yield per plant decreased with the increase of NaCl concentration after inoculation and non inoculation of exogenous microorganisms, and there was no significant difference between mild salt stress treatment (1 g / kg) and normal control treatment (0 g/kg) (P<0.05). Under moderate salt stress (2 g/kg), inoculation with exogenous microflora significantly increased rice seedling survival, leaf area per plant at gestation, tiller formation capacity, total dry matter per plant and yield per plant compared to uninoculated conditions. Under heavy salt stress (4 g/kg), rice plants were killed by salt damage and the effect of exogenous bacteria was not manifested.【Conclusion】 Through comprehensive analysis, when rice was subjected to moderate salt stress (2 g/kg), inoculation of rice roots with exogenous microbial bacteria could alleviate the inhibitory effect of salt adversity on rice growth, enhance rice survival and yield, and increase rice salt tolerance.