基于区块链的种子供应链信息溯源及信用度提升的方案设计与研究

种质是农业的基础，是国家的战略资源，种子质量的优劣影响着整体种植业的生产规模和潜力。我国种业存在产业链条信息不完整、不透明；种子溯源系统与体系不完善、不安全等问题。将区块链技术融入到传统的种子信息溯源中，提出分布式数据存储的种子质量追溯模型。利用以太坊、物联网和终端应用等设计三层架构：应用层、物联网层和数据存储层。根据以太坊本身特点和系统数据存储、查询要求，设计分布式多数据库存储的方式。系统存储种子从生产到流通部门各个环节的数据信息，结合区块链数据信息不可篡改性、透明性和可追溯性高的特点，保证种子供应链上所有数据不被他人改动或隐藏，实现准确追溯、快速鉴定种子质量。系统采用的用户信用度智能合约算法，直击种子数据源头，保证购买种子的质量安全，为维护种子消费者权益提供信息技术与服务保障。

Design and research of the information traceability and credit enhancement of the seed supply chain based on the blockchain

Germplasm is the foundation of agriculture and a national strategic resource. The quality of seeds affects the production scale and potential of the overall planting industry. There are some problems in Chinast seed industry, such as incomplete and opaque industrial chain information and imperfect and unsafe seed traceability systems. This paper integrates blockchain technology into traditional seed information traceability and proposes a seed quality traceability model for distributed data storage. This paper uses Ethereum, Internet of Things, and terminal applications to design a three layer architecture: application layer, Internet of things layer, and data storage layer. According to the characteristics of Ethereum and the requirements of system data storage and query, a distributed multi database storage mode is designed. The system stores the data information of each link from seed production to the circulation department. Combined with the characteristics of blockchain data information that cannot be tampered with, high transparency and traceability, it ensures that all data in the seed supply chain will not be changed or hidden by others to realize accurate traceability and rapid identification of seed quality. The system uses the smart contract algorithm to directly hit the source of the seed data to ensure the quality and safety of the purchased seeds and to provide information technology and service guarantees for safeguarding the rights and interests of seed consumers.