河西地区滴灌春玉米对不同灌溉决策方法的响应

基于3种灌溉决策方法(土壤水分、蒸散量、土水势),设置10个灌溉处理(CK,W₁,W₂,E_P100,E_P80,E_F100,E_F80,P₂₅,P₄₅,P₆₅),研究不同灌溉决策方法对河西地区春玉米生长、产量及水分利用效率WUE的影响.结果表明:基于土壤水分、蒸散量、土水势调控灌溉下产量最高的处理分别为CK,E_P100和P₂₅;处理CK的产量比E_P100和P₂₅分别增大6.90%和8.28%.CK的春玉米生长和干物质积累最优,但是耗水量最大,为718.54 mm,比E_P100增大26.13%和11.57%.处理E_P100的产量显著低于CK,但WUE显著高于CK.处理P₂₅较CK和E _P100灌水次数多,产量和水分利用效率表现均不突出.处理E_P80和E_P100的产量和WUE差异不具有统计学意义.综合考虑产量、水分利用效率和灌溉决策方法的适用性,基于过去蒸散量调控灌溉,每周灌水定额为80%ET₀(E_P80)是最适合河西地区春玉米高效稳产的灌溉决策方法.

Response of drip-irrigated spring maize to different irrigation decision-making methods in Hexi region

Based on three irrigation decision-making methods(soil moisture, evapotranspiration, soil water potential), ten irrigation treatments(CK,W1,W2,E_P100,E_P80,E_F100,E_F80,P₂₅,P₄₅,P₆₅)were designed to study the effects of different irrigation decision-making methods on the growth, grain yield, water and nitrogen use efficiency of spring maize. The results showed that the highest grain yield was obtained by CK, E_P100 and P₂₅ under the soil moisture, evapotranspiration and soil water potential based irrigation methods, respectively. The yield of CK was 6.90% and 8.28% higher than that of E_P100 and P₂₅, respectively. The growth and dry matter accumulation of spring maize were highest under CK, but its water consumption was largest(718.54 mm), which was 26.13% and 11.57% higher than that of E_P100 and P₂₅, respectively. The yield of E_P100 was significantly lower than that of CK, while its water use efficiency was significantly higher than that of CK. The P₂₅ treatment had irrigation times than CK and E₁₀₀ treatments, and its performances in yield and water use efficiency were not outstanding. There was no significant difference in maize yield and water use efficiency between E_P80 and E_P100. Comprehensively considering the yield, water use efficiency, and the applicability of the methods, it was believed that the irrigation decision-making method based on past evapotranspiration with weekly irrigation quota of 80%ET₀(E_P80)was the most suitable irrigation decision-making method for efficient and stable spring maize production in the Hexi Region.