醉马草种子萌发对增温和降雨变化响应的研究进展

种子萌发是植物生活史中最为脆弱和关键的阶段，受温度和水分等环境因素调控。醉马草(Achnatherum inebrians)为多年生有毒草本植物，其种子产量高且易于定植，严重影响区域畜牧业生产和草地生态平衡。已有众多关于增温和降水变化对醉马草种子萌发的影响研究，但多聚焦于种子萌发特征。本文基于现有研究综述了醉马草种子萌发对增温和降水变化的响应，并发现：醉马草种子萌发对温度和水分有一定的耐受性，但未深入探讨其应对干旱、低温等逆境的机理；高温、干旱等逆境下内生真菌可促进醉马草种子萌发，但调控机理仍不明晰；缺少增温和降水变化交互作用对醉马草种子萌发影响的研究。基于此，将来应开展多因子试验，结合转录组学等手段，阐明全球气候变化背景下醉马草种子萌发特性并厘清内生真菌调控种子萌发的机理，为深入开展醉马草防控提供理论依据。

Research Progress on the Response of Achnatherum inebrians Seed Germination to Warming and Rainfall Changes

Seed germination is the most fragile and critical stage in life the cycle of plants, which is regulated by environmental factors such as temperature and water. Achnatherum inebrians is a perennial poisonous grass, it has high seed yield and strong adaptability, affecting regional animal husbandry production and grassland ecological balance. Up to now, a number of basic research on the effects of warming and precipitation changes on the germination of A. inebrians seeds has been conducted, but most of them focus on the germination performance. Based on the existing research results, this paper reviewed the response of A. inebrians seed germination to the changes in temperature and precipitation and found that:The seeds of A. inebrians showed a certain tolerance to temperature and water during the germination process. However, the molecular mechanism of its response to drought, low temperature, and other adversity stresses have not been thoroughly explored;Endophyte fungi could promote the germination of A. inebrians seeds under adversity conditions such as high temperature and drought, but the regulatory mechanism was still unclear;There is a lack of research on the interaction of warming and changes in precipitation on the germination of A. inebrians seeds. Therefore, the follow-up research can be designed with multi-factor experiments, combined with multi-omics analysis methods, to elucidate how A. inebrians seeds cope with stress such as drought and low temperature and the mechanism of endogenous fungi to promote the germination of A. inebrians seeds, in order to provide theoretical basis for the control of A. inebrians.