穴盘苗高速移栽机吊杯式栽植器膜上成穴性能仿真与试验

吊杯式移栽机具有成穴、移栽一次性完成,可以覆膜作业等优点,已成为移栽作业中使用较多的移栽机械。吊杯式栽植器为吊杯式移栽机的主要作业部件,不同形状吊杯能影响移栽机的膜上成穴性能及栽植品质。借助离散元仿真软件EDEM及多体系统动力学分析软件RecurDyn,耦合仿真分析两种不同形状的吊杯在栽植频率为72株/（min·行）时的撕膜大小,仿真结果得出圆锥形吊杯的成穴性能优于锥形吊杯,锥形吊杯形成的膜口纵向尺寸为105.37 mm,圆锥形吊杯形成膜口纵向尺寸为101.26 mm;最后通过室内台架试验,检验两种不同形状吊杯的栽植机构的膜上成穴性能,并验证EDEM RecurDyn耦合仿真结果的合理性。结果表明,仿真试验结果与台架试验结果趋势一致,锥形吊杯的膜口纵向尺寸约为130.58 mm,圆锥形吊杯的膜口纵向尺寸约为121.40 mm,证明所采用EDEM RecurDyn耦合仿真研究吊杯式栽植器成穴特性的方法是可行的,就地膜的损伤程度而言,圆锥形吊杯的膜上成穴性能优于锥形吊杯。

Simulation and experiment of hole forming performance on the membrane of hanging cup planter of high speed transplanter for pot seedling

Hanging cup transplanter has become a more widely used transplanting machine in transplanting operations because of its advantages of hole forming, one time transplanting, and film covering operation. The hanging cup type planter is the main operating part of the hanging cup type transplanter. Different shapes of the hanging cup can affect the hole forming performance and planting quality of the transplanter. With the application of discrete element simulation software EDEM and multi body system dynamics analysis software RecurDyn, the tear film size of two hanging cups with different shapes was analyzed by coupling simulation when the planting frequency was 72 plants/(min·line). The simulation results showed that the hole forming performance of the conical hanging cup was better than that of the rectangular pyramidical hanging cup. The longitudinal dimension of the membrane port formed by the rectangular pyramidical hanging cup was 105.37 mm, and the longitudinal dimension of the membrane port formed by the conical hanging cup was 101.26 mm. Finally, the hole forming performance on the membrane of two planting mechanisms with different shapes of hanging cups was tested through the indoor bench test. The rationality of EDEM RecurDyn coupling simulation results was verified. The results showed that the simulation test results were consistent with the bench test results. The longitudinal dimension of the membrane port formed by the rectangular pyramidical hanging cup was about 130.58 mm, and the longitudinal dimension of the membrane port formed by the conical hanging cup was about 121.40 mm. It was proved that the method of using EDEM RecurDyn coupling simulation to study the hole forming characteristics of the hanging cup planter was feasible. In terms of the degree of damage to the mulch film, the hole forming performance of the conical hanging cup was better than that of the rectangular pyramidical hanging cup.