288份陆地棉种质资源主要性状遗传多样性分析

【目的】 研究新疆本地棉花种质基因库,筛选适于作优异亲本的种质资源。【方法】 以288份种质资源为材料,对4个农艺性状和5个品质性状进行变异、相关性、主成分及聚类分析。【结果】 变异系数分别为单铃重(9.14%)、衣分(8.34%)、单株铃数(14.03%)、果枝数(6.26%)、上半部平均长度(4.50%),整齐度指数(1.56%)、马克隆值(6.43%)、伸长率(1.99%)、断裂比强度(7.26%);单铃重与上半部平均长度、整齐度指数、伸长率及断裂比强度呈极显著正相关,衣分与单株铃数、上半部平均长度呈显著正相关,与整齐度指数、马克隆值呈极显著正相关,上半部平均长度与伸长率、整齐度指数及断裂比强度呈极显著正相关,与马克隆值呈极显著负相关;前3个成分特征值累计贡献率达到61.68,第1主成分主要跟单株铃数有关,第2主成分主要与纤维品质有关,第3主成分主要跟衣分有关;聚类分析将288份陆地棉种质资源在遗传距离为11.5时划分为4类,第Ⅰ类群包含88份材料,马克隆值最好的材料。第Ⅱ类群包含75份,类群材料衣分平均数为43.2,4个类群衣分平均里是最高的;第3类群包含124份材料,材料农艺性状和品质性状都相对较好;第Ⅳ类群材料稀絮H10属于特异种质资源,被单独分为一类。【结论】 288份种质资源变异系数幅度较大(1.56~14.03)。单株铃数变异系数最大为14.03,样本间差异较大;其它性状变异系数均小于10,材料纤维品质性状间差异不大。

Analysis of Genetic Diversity of Main Characters in 288 Upland Cotton Germplasm Resources

【Objective】 The local cotton germplasm gene bank and screen germplasm resources suitable for excellent parents.【Methods】 288 germplasm resources were taken as experimental materials and 4 agronomic traits and 5 quality traits were analyzed. Meanwhile, variation analysis, correlation analysis, principal component analysis and cluster analysis were followed.【Results】 The coefficients of variation were the weight of single boll (9.14%), the lint fraction (8.34%), the number of bolls per plant (14.03%), the number of fruit branches (6.26%), and the average length of the upper half (4.50%), uniformity index (1.56%), micronaire value (6.43%), elongation (1.99%), specific strength at break (7.26%); Correlation analysis showed that boll weight was significantly positively correlated with the average length of the upper half, uniformity index, elongation and specific strength at break; The uniformity index and the micronaire value showed a very significant positive correlation, and the average length of the upper half had a very significant positive correlation with the elongation, uniformity index and breaking strength, and a very significant negative correlation with the micronaire value; the results of principal component analysis showed that the cumulative contribution rate of the eigenvalues of the first three components reached 61.68. The first principal component was mainly related to the number of bolls per plant, the second principal component wa mainly related to fiber quality, and the third principal component was mainly related to lint; Cluster analysis divided 288 materials into 4 groups, the cotton material of group I could be used as the material for improving the micronaire value of cotton, the cotton material of group II could be used as the material of cotton clothing improvement, the cotton material of group III could be used as a material for improving the fiber quality of cotton. The sparse flocculent H10, a group IV material, belonged to the idiosyncratic germplasm resource and was classified into a separate category.【Conclusion】 The variation coefficient of 288 germplasm resources is relatively large (1.56-14.03). The coefficient of variation of boll number per plant is 14.03, which is the largest among several traits, indicating that the differences between samples are large; the coefficients of variation of other traits are all less than 10, indicating that the materials used in this study are mostly high-quality materials. There is little difference in fiber quality traits.