基于生物多样性指数分析沙棘林昆虫动态变化

【目的】研究分析沙棘林昆虫种类与数量动态变化,为沙棘林实施生物多样性监测与保护提供参考。【方法】采用网捕法、诱捕法调查新疆阿勒泰地区对布尔津县沙棘林昆虫种类和数量,运用生物多样性指数分析昆虫的时间动态。【结果】阿勒泰地区布尔津县沙棘林昆虫11目61科70种,害虫分属7目33科35种,天敌昆虫分属7目15科22种;中性昆虫分属4目13科13种。沙棘林昆虫的科数、物种数及丰富度等指数均随时间变化有不同程度的变化。【结论】布尔津县沙棘林害虫主要以蛀果害虫沙棘绕实蝇为主(Rhagoletis batava Hering),天敌昆虫以姬蜂(Ichneumonidae)为主;中性昆虫主要包括麻蝇科(Sarcophagidae)、蚁科(Formicidae)等。沙棘林害虫种类丰富、个体总数最大、丰富度最高、多样性指数较高,沙棘绕实蝇又可以直接为害沙棘果实,应对沙棘绕实蝇展开防治。

Research on Insect Diversity of Seabuckthorn Wood in Burqin County,Altay Prefecture

【Objective】 To monitor and protect the biodiversity of seabuckthorn woods, maintain its green and healthy development in Altay area. 【Methods】 In this study, the species and quantity of insects in seabuckthorn woods in Burqin county were investigated by the method of net trapping, and the temporal dynamics were analyzed by using biodiversity index. 【Results】 A total of 70 species, 61 families, 11 orders, and pests were 33 families, 7 orders, 35 species, 22 species, 15 families, 7 orders natural enemies were found in seabuckthorn woods. Neutral insects belonged to 4 orders, 13 families and 13 species. The number of family species and abundance of insects in seabuckthorn woods varied with time. 【Conclusion】 The main pest in seabuckthorn woods in Burqin county is Rhagoletis batava Hering, whose main natural enemy insect is Ichneumonidae, mainly including Sarcophagidae, Formicidae. The insect here is rich in species with large number and high richness and high diversity index, and Rhagoletis batava Hering can directly harm the fruit Hippophae rhamnoides, so it should be controlled to certain extent.