新疆桃实生优选单株叶片性状及光合特性日变化

【目的】 研究新疆桃实生优选单株的叶片性状及光合特性日变化规律，为新疆桃高效栽培管理技术提供理论基础。【方法】 采用田间调查及乙醇提取等方法，对新疆桃叶片的属性特征、形态特征、叶绿素含量等指标进行分析；利用Li-6400XT便携式光合作用仪测定光合生理指标日变化，分析7个新疆桃优株的光合特性日变化规律。【结果】 7个新疆桃优株的叶片属性特征中的叶形、叶尖形状、叶基形状有差异，7个新疆桃优株的叶色均为绿色，叶缘形状均为钝锯齿状；毛桃3号的叶绿素总量最高，为3.75 mg/g，7个新疆桃优株的叶片形态特征有显著性的差异，叶面积排序为毛桃2号>毛桃3号>油桃2号>油桃1号>毛桃5号>毛桃4号>毛桃1号；7个新疆桃优株的净光合速率日变化趋势均呈“双峰曲线”，不同优株达到的峰值的时间有差异，净光合速率排序为毛桃3号>毛桃4号>毛桃2号>油桃2号>毛桃5号>毛桃1号>油桃1号；7个新疆桃优株的气孔导度日变化趋势均呈“双峰曲线”，气孔导度日均值排序为毛桃2号>毛桃3号>毛桃4号>毛桃5号>油桃2号>毛桃1号>油桃1号；7个新疆桃优株的胞间CO₂浓度日变化呈“U字型”，日变化平均值排序为毛桃4号>毛桃5号>毛桃2号>毛桃3号>毛桃1号>油桃2号> 油桃1号。【结论】 7个新疆桃优株的叶片性状及光合特性均存在较大的差异，光合能力较强的是毛桃3号。

Study on Leaf Characters and Diurnal Variation of Photosynthesis of Excellent Single Plant of Xinjiang Peach

【Objective】 To study leaf characters and the diurnal variation photosynthesis of excellent single plant of Xinjiangpeach， hoping to provide a theoretical basis for efficient cultivation and management techniques of Xinjiang peach.【Methods】 By using the methods of field investigation and ethanol extraction， the attribute characteristics， morphological characteristics and chlorophyll contentof leaves were analyzed， and the diurnalvariation of photosynthetic physiological indexes wasmeasured by Li-6 400XT portable optical cooperation instrument， and the diurnal variation of photosynthetic characteristics of 7 Xinjiang peach superior plant was analyzed.【Results】 The results showed that：the leaf shape， leaf tip shape and leaf base shape of 7 Xinjiang peach superior plant were different. The leaf color of 7 Xinjiang peach superior plant was green， and the leaf edge shape was obtusely serrated；the total chlorophyll content of Maotao 3 was the highest， which was 3.75 mg/g. The leaf morphological characteristics of Xinjiang peach superior plant were significantly different， and the leaf area was in the following order：Maotao 2>Maotao 3>Youtao 2>Youtao 1>Maotao 5>Maotao 4>Maotao No. 1；the diurnal variation trend of net photosynthetic rate of 7 Xinjiang peach superior plant showed ‘double peak curve'， and the time of reaching the peak value of different superior plantwas different. the order of net photosynthetic rate was Maotao 3>Maotao 4>Maotao 2>Youtao 2>Maotao 5>Maotao 1>Youtao 1；the diurnal variation trend of stomatal conductance of 7 Xinjiang peachsuperior plant showed a ‘bimodal curve'. The daily average value of stomatal conductance was in the following order：Maotao 2>Maotao 3>Maotao 4>Maotao 5>Youtao 2>Maotao 1>Youtao 1；the diurnal variation of intercellular CO₂ concentration of 7 Xinjiang peach superior plantshowed ‘U shape， and the average diurnal variation was in the order Maotao 4>Maotao 5>Maotao 2>Maotao 3>Maotao 1>Youtao 2>Youtao 1.【Conclusion】 Comprehensive analysis showed that there were great differences in leaf characters and photosynthetic characteristics of 7 Xinjiang peach superior plant. according to the analysis of net photosynthetic rate，Maotao 3 had strong photosynthetic capacity.