基于正交试验法的微型管道水轮机优化设计

针对感应水龙头使用的干电池带来的环境污染问题,设计研发出了1种微型管道水轮机,初步确定其各过流部件的形状和尺寸,对该水轮机进行多目标优化正交试验,确定了最优试验方案,并进行物理模型试验研究.该微型管道水轮机通过水流和水轮机之间相互作用,将其旋转机械能传递给发电机,产生供水龙头使用的电能.基于正交试验优化理论,在设计流量下,水轮机出力为6.30 W,与初步设计方案相比提高了32.35%,效率为85.13%,提高了2.58%,优化后水轮机出力和效率均达到设计需求.极差分析结果表明:水轮机出力随着叶片数的增加先增大后减小,随着固定导叶数的增加而增大,随着固定导叶开度的增大而减小,对称导叶叶型出力最大;其效率随着叶片数的增加而增大,随着固定导叶数的增加而增大,随着固定导叶开度的增大先增大后减小,负曲度导叶叶型效率最高.研究结果为微型管道水轮机设计和优化提供一定的参考.

Optimal design of micro-pipe turbine based on orthogonal test method

Abstract:Aiming at the environmental pollution problem caused by the dry batteries used in the induction faucets, a new type of micro-piped water turbine was designed and developed. The shape and size of each flow component was determined preliminarily, the multi-objective optimization ortho-gonal test was carried out on the turbine, the optimal test scheme was determined, and the physical model experiment was carried out. The interaction between the water flow and the turbine transmits its rotating mechanical energy to the generator, and generating the electric energy used by the water faucet. Based on the orthogonal experimental optimization theory, the turbine output under the design flow rate was 6.3W, which is 32.35% higher than the preliminary design scheme, and the efficiency is 85.13%, 2.58% higher when compared with the preliminary scheme. After the optimization, both the turbine output and efficiency meet the design requirements. The range difference results show that the turbine output first increased and then decreased with the increase of the number of blades, increased with the increase of the number of fixed guide vanes, decreases with the increase of the opening of fixed guide vanes, and the maximum output of symmetrical guide vanes was achieved. The turbine efficiency increases with the increase of the number of blades, increases with the increase of the number of fixed guide vanes, increased first and then decreases with the increase of the opening of fixed guide vanes, and the negative curvature guide vanes had the highest efficiency. The research results provide a reference for the design and optimization of micro-pipeline turbines.