宁夏干旱区行距与播量对无芒雀麦种子产量和质量的影响

为研究宁夏干旱区行距与播量对无芒雀麦种子产量和质量的影响，采用双因素裂区试验设计，主区行距为20,30,40和50 cm,副区播量为10,15,20和25 kg·hm^-2,利用灰色关联度以及回归模型进行了分析。结果表明，行距对潜在种子产量和发芽势有极显著影响(P<0.01),对发芽率有显著影响(P<0.05);播量对实际种子产量、潜在种子产量和发芽势有极显著影响，对发芽率影响不显著；行距和播量对实际种子产量、潜在种子产量和发芽势有极显著交互作用，对发芽率、发芽指数和活力指数影响不显著。行距30 cm和播量15 kg·hm^-2处理的种子产量最高；行距30 cm和播量20 kg·hm^-2处理的种子发芽率、发芽势及发芽指数均最高；通过建立多元回归及通径分析可得，无芒雀麦种子产量的提高主要由生殖枝数实现。综上所述，为求得宁夏干旱区无芒雀麦最高种子产量和最优种子质量应将行距设为30 cm,播量设为15～20 kg·hm^-2为宜。

Effects of Row Spacing and Sowing Rate on Seed Yield and Quality of Bromus inermis in Arid Area of Ningxia

In order to study the effects of row spacing and sowing rate on seed yield and quality of Bromus inermis in arid areas of Ningxia, a two-factor split-plot design was adopted. The row spacing in the main area was 20, 30, 40 and 50 cm, respectively, and the sowing rates in the secondary area were 10, 15, 20 and 25 kg·hm^-2, respectively. The grey correlation degree synthesis and regression model were used for analysis. The results showed that row spacing had significant effect on potential seed yield, germination potential (P<0.01) and germination rate (P<0.05). Sowing rates had significant effect on actual seed yield, potential seed yield and germination potential, but had no significant effect on germination rate. Row spacing and sowing rates had significant interaction on actual seed yield, potential seed yield and germination potential, but had no significant effect on germination rate, germination index and vigor index. The seed yield in the treatment with row spacing of 30 cm and sowing rate of 15 kg·hm^-2 was the highest. The seed germination rate, germination potential and germination index in the treatment with row spacing of 30 cm and sowing rate of 20 kg·hm^-2 were the highest. Through the establishment of multiple regression and path analysis, the increase of seed yield of Bromus inermis was mainly realized by the number of reproductive branches. In summary, in order to obtain the highest seed yield and optimal seed quality of Bromus inermis in arid areas of Ningxia, the row spacing should be 30 cm, and the sowing rate should be 15~20 kg·hm^-2.