三亚市土地利用景观格局时空变化研究

基于三亚市2004、2009、2014、2019年的Landsat影像数据,借助ArcGIS10.4软件和Fragstats4.2软件,通过土地利用面积变化分析、土地利用变化轨迹分析、城市扩张分析、景观格局指数分析等分析三亚市土地利用与景观格局的变化。结果表明,林地、耕地、建设用地是三亚市的优势景观,占整体的83.08%;耕地发生转变的比例为41.48%,主要集中在城区西部、中部和东部平原地区,其中2014年转为建设用地的占比达到峰值16.99%,耕地转为其他用地后又恢复为耕地的占比为10.78%,可见耕地在发展过程中得到了有效修复;整体呈现中心区域集聚明显,边缘区破碎化程度高的格局。保障三亚市生态系统可持续发展的重要措施在于防止城市无序扩张,保护基本林地和农田,打造山海廊道;集中利用土地,提高建成区土地功能和价值,分散植被斑块和廊道;维持林地大型斑块完整性,促进物种生存和迁移,提高物种丰富度。研究结果可为三亚市土地利用规划及城市生态建设提供决策依据。

Spatiotemporal Changes of Land Use and Landscape Patterns in Sanya

Based on the Landsat image data of Sanya City in 2004,2009,2014,and 2019,aided by ArcGIS10.4 software and Fragstats4.2 software,the changes of land use and landscape patterns were revealed through land use area change analysis,land use change trajectory analysis,urban expansion analysis and landscape pattern index analysis.The results showed that woodland,cultivated land and construction land were the dominant landscapes of Sanya City,accounting for 83.08% of the total.The proportion of cultivated land that had changed was 41.48%,which mainly occurred in the western,central and eastern plains of the urban area.In 2014,the proportion of cultivated land converted to construction land reached a peak of 16.99%,and the proportion of cultivated land converted to other land then restored to cultivated land was 10.78%.It could be seen that cultivated land had been effectively restored in the process of development.The overall agglomeration of the central area was obvious,high fragmentation degree of the marginal area was improved.It was suggested that the important measures to ensure the sustainable development of the ecosystem in Sanya were to prevent urban disorderly expansion,protect basic woodland and farmland,build mountain corridor,centralize the use of land,improve the function and value of built-up area,disperse vegetation patches and corridors,maintain the integrity of large patches of woodland,promote the survival and migration and migration of species,and improve species richness.The results can provide decision-making basis for land use planning and urban ecological construction in Sanya.