互联网使用对农机服务采纳的影响及其异质性

现代信息技术在农业农村的普及促进了“互联网+农机服务”的融合，是提升农业机械化水平的重要路径，因而探究互联网使用对农机服务采纳的影响具有重要意义。以2014年、2016年和2018年的三期中国家庭追踪调查（CFPS）数据为基础，利用面板Probit模型分析互联网使用是否会影响农户对农机服务的采纳及其异质性。互联网使用对农机服务采纳具有显著的正向影响，农户家庭互联网使用率每提高1个百分点，农机服务采纳概率增加0.068个百分点，运用工具变量法解决内生性问题后，依然得到稳健性结论；互联网使用对男性、中青年、较高教育程度农户农机服务采纳的影响更大，说明个体的学习与劳动能力会影响互联网使用的效果；互联网使用对无家用农机户农机服务采纳的影响系数为0.332远大于对有家用农机户的0.175，说明互联网使用是促进传统小农户农机服务采纳的重要手段；互联网使用对非平原地区农户的农机服务采纳显著为正，边际效应为0.114，比基准模型高出了0.046个百分点，说明互联网信息技术对非平原地区农业机械化发展具有突出贡献。因此，建立“互联网+”的农机服务信息平台，加大对农村地区互联网基础设施的建设，加强对农户的互联网信息技术培训，是支持农机服务业发展和推进农业机械化进程的重要政策手段。

Influence of Internet use on adoption of agricultural machinery services and its heterogeneity

The application of modern information technology in agriculture and rural areas promotes the integration of “Internet + agricultural machinery services” and is an important path to improve the level of agricultural mechanization. Therefore, it is of great significance to research the impact of Internet use on the adoption of agricultural machinery services. Based on the three phase China Family Tracking Survey (CFPS) data in 2014, 2016， and 2018, XT-Probit model was used to analyze whether Internet use would affect farmers adoption and heterogeneity of agricultural machinery services. The research found that the use of the Internet could significantly improve the farmers adoption of agricultural machinery services. For every 1 percentage point increase in Internet usage, the adoption probability of agricultural machinery services increased by 0.068 percentage points. After the introduction of the instrumental variable method to deal with endogenous problems, consistent conclusions were still obtained; The impact of Internet use on the adoption of agricultural machinery services by males, younger age, and higher educated farmers was more significantly, indicating that the individuals learning and labor ability would affect the effect of Internet use; The influence coefficient of Internet use on the adoption of agricultural machinery services by households without household agricultural machinery was 0.332, which was much larger than that of 0.175 for households with household agricultural machinery, indicating that Internet use was an important means to promote the adoption of agricultural machinery services by traditional small farmers; The use of the Internet on the adoption of agricultural machinery services by farmers in non plain areas was significantly positive, with a marginal effect of 0.114, which was 0.046 percentage points higher than the baseline model, indicating that Internet information technology has made outstanding contributions to the development of agricultural mechanization in non plain areas. Therefore, establishing an “Internet+” agricultural machinery service information platform, increasing the construction of Internet infrastructure in rural areas, and strengthening Internet information technology training for farmers are important policy means to support the development of agricultural machinery service industry and promote the process of agricultural mechanization.