山区农民林业收益分析及增收对策的案例研究

以浙江省建德市为案例,在分析林业发展过程的基础上,采用聚类分析的方法,对农户林业与收入进行了定量分析,并从农户收入类型、农户林业经营项目收益类型、农户所在区域差异等3个层面对聚类结果进行了深入剖析,将当地农户林业收入类型分为收入高型、收入中高型、收入中等型、收入偏低型以及收入低下型等5种类型。指出当地林业发展存在着林地经营面积分散、融资渠道窄、种植技术缺乏、劳动力外流和销售渠道不完善等主要问题。对促进当地林业发展,增加农民收入的对策进行了探讨,认为以政府制定优惠政策,加大林业资金投入和技术推广力度,完善销售网络为基础,鼓励个人承包山林,经营林业项目,发展经济高效林为主要手段是促进山区农民增收的必然途径。图1表1参12

Case study of income analysis and the policies of improving income for farmers in mountainous area

Taking Jiande City as an example and with the method of the cluster analysis,the paper had a quantitative analysis of farm households' forestry income based on the analysis of the developing process of the forestry.The results of the cluster analysis were further analyzed in three aspects,namely,type of farm households' income,type of benefits from farm households' forest management,difference among farmers' residential areas.The farm households' income was divided into five types: high income,upper middle income,medium income,lower middle income and low income.The problems existed in the development of the local forestry included the dispersed forest lands,narrow financing channels,lack of planting techniques,outflow of labor force,imperfect marketing channels.The paper also discusses the solutions to promoting the development of the local forestry and increasing farmers' income.The government should increase income of farmers in the mountainous areas by making favorable policies to increase the financial input in forestry and strengthen the technological extension,improve marketing network,encourage individuals to contract mountainous forest land and develop forestry projects and develop high-benefits forests.