木霉对5种病原菌抑菌活性筛选

采用滤纸片法对云南地区分离并鉴定到的15株木霉进行2株病原细菌(大肠杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌)和3株植物病原真菌(小麦全蚀、番茄早疫、稻疫)抗菌活性筛选。获得可抑制5种病原菌(广谱)的木霉7株。抑菌圈直径范围在0.7～2.8 cm。其中哈茨木霉8917提取物对3株植物病原真菌的抑制最强,哈茨木霉10176提取物对金黄色葡萄球菌的抑制最强,哈茨木霉10174提取物对大肠杆菌的抑制最强。同时,将15株供试木霉与3株病原真菌进行对峙培养,结果显示:对番茄早疫菌抑制率最高的是新康氏木霉8722和深绿木霉8956,对小麦全蚀菌抑制率最高的是新康氏木霉8722和康氏木霉8701,深绿木霉8686对稻疫菌的抑制率最高。哈茨木霉在滤纸片法活性筛选中相对其他木霉抑菌活性较好,但在对峙培养活性筛选中其抑菌活性最弱。

Screening of Trichoderma Activity Inhibiting Five Kinds of Pathogens

This study was conducted to screen the antibacterial activity of 15 isolated Trichoderma on 2 strains of pathogenic bacteria（Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus） along with on 3 strains of pathogenic fungi（Gaeumannomyces graminis（Sacc.） Arx.Olivcr,Phytophthoraf agarzae var.oryzaebladis Wang et： Lu,Alternaria solani（Ell.Et Mart） Jones et Grout） by the filter paper method.7 broad-spectrum strains of Trichoderma inhibiting five pathogenic germs were got.The diameters of inhibition zone were in the range of 0.7 to 2.8 cm.Among them,the antibacterial activity of Trichoderma harzianum 8917 inhibited 3 strains of pathogenic fungi the best,and the antibacterial activity of Trichoderma harzianum 10176 inhibited Staphylococcus aureus the best,while the antibacterial activity of Trichoderma harzianum 10174 inhibited Escherichia coli the best.The confrontation culture of 15 strains of Trichoderma and 3 strains of pathogenic fungi showed that the antibacterial activity of Trichoderma neokongii 8722 and Trichoderma atroviride 8956 inhibited Alternaria solani the best,the antibacterial activity of Trichoderma atroviride 8686 inhibited Phytophthora fragarioe the best,and Trichoderma neokongii 8722 and Trichoderma koningii 8701 inhibited Gaeumannomyces graminis the best.Their antibacterial rates were 31.1%,28.3%,and 36.0% respectively.The antibacterial activity of Trichoderma harzianum was better than other strains of Trichoderma in the screening through the filter paper method,but it was the worst in the confrontation culture.