Chemical and biological characteristics of alkaline saline soils from the former Lake Texcoco as affected by artificial drainage |
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Authors: | M L Luna-Guido R I Beltrán-Hernández NA Solís-Ceballos N Hernández-Chávez F Mercado-García J A Catt V Olalde-Portugal L Dendooven |
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Institution: | (1) Laboratory of Soil Ecology, Department of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, CINVESTAV-IPN, Av. Politécnico Nacional 2508, C.P. 07360, Apartado Postal 14740, C.P. 07000 Mexico D.F., Mexico e-mail: lucdendo@prodigy.net.mx Tel.: +52-5-7477000 Fax: +52-5-7477002, MX;(2) Comisión Nacional de Agua, Av. José Loreto Fabela 850, Col. San Juan de Aragón, C.P. 07950 Mexico D.F., Mexico, MX;(3) Department of Soil Science, IACR-Rothamsted, Harpenden, AL5 2JQ, UK, GB;(4) Department of Biotechnology and Biochemistry, CINVESTAV-IPN, Unidad Irapuato, A.P. 629, Irapuato, Guanajuato, Mexico, MX |
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Abstract: | Soils from the former Lake Texcoco are alkaline saline and were artificially drained and irrigated with sewage effluents
since the late 1980s. Undrained soil and soil drained for 1, 5 and 8 years were sampled, characterized and incubated aerobically
for 90 days at 22±1 °C while production of CO2, available P and concentrations of NH4
+, NO2
– and NO3
– were monitored. Artificial drainage decreased pHH2O, water holding capacity, organic C, total N, and Na+, K+, Mg2+, B, Cl– and SO4
2– concentrations, increased inorganic C and Ca2+ concentrations more than 5-fold while total P was not affected. Microbial biomass C decreased with increased length of drainage
but bacteria, actinomycetes, denitrifiers and cellulose-utilizing bacteria tended to show opposite trends. CO2 production was less in soils drained ≥5 years compared to undrained soil but more than in soils drained for 1 year. Emission
of NH3 was negligible and concentrations of NH4
+ remained constant over time in each soil. Nitrification, as witnessed by increases in NO3
– concentrations, occurred in soil drained for 8 years. NO2
– concentrations decreased in soils drained ≤1 year in the first 7 days of the incubation and remained constant thereafter.
It was found that artificial drainage of soils from the former Lake Texcoco profoundly affected soil characteristics. Decreases
in pH and Na+, K+, Cl– and SO4
2– concentrations made conditions more favourable for plant growth, although low concentrations of inorganic N and available
P might be limiting factors.
Received: 1 December 1999 |
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Keywords: | Alkaline saline soils Micro-organisms Characteristics C and N mineralization |
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