黑龙江省耕地后备资源宜耕性评价与空间分异特征研究

耕地后备资源开发是补充耕地被建设占用的重要途径,为摸清黑龙江省耕地后备资源储量及分布特征,该文基于多源数据,从生态、立地、气候和区位4方面构建宜耕性评价指标体系,采用"限制因子"法对黑龙江省耕地后备资源进行评价,并分析各县(区)空间自相关格局特征。结果发现:黑龙江省耕地后备资源总量为110.55×10~4 hm~2,且以可开垦的其他草地、沼泽地、内陆滩涂和盐碱地为主,主要集中于大庆市、黑河市、绥化市和佳木斯市;耕地后备资源表现出显著的空间集聚性,高-高集聚区多分布于大庆市及周边县(区),低-低集聚县(区)基本为市区或者郊区,低-高集聚较为零散,不存在高-低集聚县(区)。不同后备资源来源用地的集聚特征差异大。黑龙江省今后耕地后备资源开发可重点关注大庆市及其周边地区。

Suitability assessment of arable land reserve and its spatial differentiation in Heilongjiang Province

The development of arable land reserves is an important way to alleviate the land overtaken problem by construction. In order to find out the distribution characteristics of arable land reserves in Heilongjiang Province, this paper applied the multi-source data to construct a suitability assessment index system from the perspective of ecological conditions, site conditions, climate conditions, and locations, to evaluate the suitability of arable land reserves in Heilongjiang Province. Results show that the amount of arable land reserves in Heilongjiang Province is 110.55×104 hectares, and arable land reserves are dominated by other grasslands, marshes, beaches, and saline land, and mainly concentrated in Daqing, Heihe, Suihua and Jiamusi. Arable land reserves showed significant spatial clustering characteristics. Daqing and its surrounding counties or districts showed the high-high type of aggregation and urban or suburban areas show the low-low type of aggregation. While the low-high type of aggregation is more fragmented and there is no high-low type of aggregation in Heilongjiang Province. Aggregation characteristics of arable land reserves showed obvious homogeneity. In the future, the Government should focus on Daqing City and its surrounding areas to develop arable land reserves in Heilongjiang Province.