中国鹿亚科动物mtDNA控制区序列差异及其遗传分化

目的]探讨中国鹿亚科动物的遗传分化。方法]通过PCR直接测序的方法获得我国鹿亚科物种线粒体DNA控制区（D-loop）全序列,结合GenBank检索到的鹿亚科其它动物同源序列,用生物软件进行统计分析。结果]我国鹿亚科动物D-loop区序列全长在921～1072bp,碱基T、A、C、G的平均含量分别为32.1%、30.2%、22.7%及15.0%,各物种间的遗传距离范围在0.062～0.106,处于属间差异。系统进化树结果表明梅花鹿、马鹿和白唇鹿亲缘关系较近,它们与水鹿构成一组进化枝,坡鹿与麋鹿构成一组进化枝,豚鹿单独构成一个进化枝。结论]支持麋鹿和豚鹿并入鹿属的观点,我国的鹿亚科动物的分化时间约为155～260万年。

Sequence Difference of Mitochondrial DNA Control Region and Genetic Differentiation of Cervinae in China

Objective] The study aimed at analyzing Genetic Differentiation of Cervinae. Method] The complete mitochondrial DNA control region of five species of Cervinae was determined by direct DNA sequencing. Homologous sequences of others Cervinae were gained from GenBank, and then analyzed through biology software. Result] The lengths of their control region were 921-1 072 bp, the nucleotide content of T, A, C, and G was 32.1%, 30.2%, 22.7% and 15.0% separately. Genetic distance of each species ranged from 0.062-0.106, which belonged to level of inter-genus. The molecular phylogenetic tree indicated that red deer, skia deer and White-lipped Deer had close relationship, and they constituted one branch with sambar deer. Eld’s deer and elk deer constituted the second branch, and hog deer constituted the third branch alone. Conclusion] Hog deer and fallow deer should be incorporated in Cervus, divergence time is about 1.55-2.60 million years among Cervinae in China.