山西省基本农田保护的现状、预测与对策研究

分析了山西省基本农田保护的现状,虽然我国实行了严格的耕地与基本农田保护政策,但近年来基本农田在数量上减少,在质量上降低的势头没有得到有效遏制;生态退耕、农业结构调整、非农建设占用和自然灾害损毁四项是山西省基本农田减少的原因。对影响基本农田减少因素的预测性分析表明,今后,尤其是2010年后,采空塌陷和非农建设占用还将持续存在,农业结构调整和生态退耕趋向缓和,人口自然增长速率放缓与城镇化加速,土地开发复垦力度加大,都将有利于对基本农田的保护,基本农田保护的形势将有所好转。最后提出了加强基本农田保护的措施,即强化规划控制手段,采用先进技术手段,应用有效经济手段,适当调整基本农田保护区布局,加强基本农田建设等。

Current Situation, Forecasting and Strategy of Basic Farmland Protection in Shanxi

Current situation of basic farmland proteetiong in Shanxi and the reason of the shrak of basic farmland were analyzed. Although strict policy of protecting land and basic farmland had been taken effect, the trend of the decrease of both quantity and quality of basic farmland did not stop. Ecological Lan conversion, agricultural structural adjustment, non - agricultural construction use, and natural disaster damage were principal reasons which led the decrease of basic farmland in Shanxi. The forecasting analysis to the factors which will cause the reduction of basic farmland after 2005 showed that after 2005, especially after 2010, collapse caused by coal mining and non - agricultural construction would continue to decrease farmland, but agricultural structural adjustment and ecological improvement would decrease less farmland than last period. Low rate of population growth, high speed of urbanization, land development and reclamation would be beneficial to protect basic farmland. The measurements of protecting basic farmland were put forward, for example, to strengthen planning, to adopt advanced technology, to apply effective economical means, to adjust the geographical distribution of basic farmland protection area and to construct more basic farmland.