天然四倍体紫花地丁的体细胞染色体观察

目的]了解药用植物紫花地丁的植物分类及区域分布,为其提供细胞学资料。方法]分别随机采集50株野生紫花地丁的幼蕾及50株成熟野生紫花地丁的果实,经预处理后,对子房细胞及根尖细胞进行卡宝品红染色及染色体观察并计数。结果]对50株野生紫花地丁的子房,用8-羟基喹啉溶液预处理,进行子房细胞染色体制片,经光学显微镜镜检后,共得到127个可染色体计数的子房细胞;50株野生紫花地丁的种子经发根培养,8-羟基喹啉溶液预处理,进行根尖体细胞染色体制片后,共得到92个可染色体计数的细胞。这219个可染色体计数的体细胞的染色体数目均为48。结论]发现了一个紫花地丁的天然四倍体种群,其体细胞染色体数目为48。

Observation of the Chromosome in the Somatic Cell of Natural Tetraploid Viola yedoensis Makino

Objective]The data for the research on the cytology of tetraploid Viola yedoensis Makino was provided through investigation of the classification and the regional distribution of the medicinal plant.Method]The immature bud and mature fruits of 50 wild plants were ran-domly collected and the chromosome in the cells of root tip and ovary was observed and counted after the samples were pretreated and stained.Results]After the ovary of 50 wild plants were pretreated with 8-hydroxyquinoline solution and dyed,then,the chromosome in cell was examined by means of optical microscopy,and the chromosome in total of 127 cells could be counted.The root from seed-germinating of 50 wild plants were pretreated with 8-hydroxyquinoline solution and dyed,and the chromosome in total of 92 cells could be counted.The chromosome-counting result of 219 cell indicated that the number of chromosome in the somatic cell of tetraploid Viola yedoensis Makino was 48.Conclusion]A natural tetraploid populations of Viola yedoensis Makino was found,in which somatic cell,the number of chromosome was 48.