近年来中国沙尘暴发生特点、成因及其防治对策

沙尘暴的发生是一个自然的过程 ,它的发生要具备三个条件 :强冷空气、气旋活动、地面干松的沙土。近年来强和特强的沙尘暴频繁发生 ,这与中国北方人类活动对地表覆盖的严重破坏 ,生态环境进一步恶化有关。不合理的人类活动增加了沙尘暴发生的机率 ,加剧了其危害程度。防治对策主要有 :增加地表覆盖 ,促进生态良化 ;加强沙尘暴多发区环境承载力的研究 ,促进区域资源、人口、环境的协调发展 ;建立沙尘暴预警系统与沙尘暴多发区环境质量动态监测预警系统 ;加强法制与管理力度

The Characteristics、 Formative Causes and Prevention of the Sand-dust Storms in China in Recent Years

The occurrence of sand-dust storm is a natural phenomenon. There are three contributory factors: strong and cold air, cyclone movement and the dry and loosen sandy soil. The recently frequent occurrences of intensive sand-dust storms were due to the following factors: human destruction to the and cover in the North of China and deteriorating ecological enironment. Unreasonable human activities increased the possbility of sand-dust storm occurrence, and strengthened the degree of damage. The countermeasures are put forward: First, it's necessary to increase the plant cover on the land and promote a virtuous circle in ecology'. Second, the environmental carrying capacity in the areas where sand-dust storm frequently occurs should be studied then made the population reasonably distrbuted; Third, the early warning system of sand-dust storm and the dynamic monitoring system of the environmental quality in the areas should be established; Fourth, the implementation of rules and regulations of environmental protection should be reinforced.