基于AVR单片机的全自动光伏水泵系统

为探究一种新型的自适应最大功率跟踪算法,提出了基于AVR单片机的光伏水泵系统控制结构.将遗传算法与占空比扰动观察法(P&O)相结合,根据遗传算法的原理计算推导出DC-AC变换器的占空比,可以实现快速搜索到光伏水泵系统的最大功率跟踪点,以克服外界环境的剧烈变化对控制器造成的干扰.通过Simulink环境下的仿真试验,验证了基于遗传算法实现的MPPT方法具有良好的自适应性以及稳定性.在光伏水泵系统的试验平台上进行相关的抽水试验,结果表明:建立于遗传算法进而实现MPPT算法而设计的系统,对于外界不断的气候变化,该光伏水泵系统都可以较好地应对,综合效率基本稳定在60%以上.所开发的系统可以实现对水泵负载的可靠控制,系统工作稳定,整体效率较高,为光伏水泵系统的优化控制提供了参考.

A fully automatic control photovoltaic pumping system based on AVR microcontroller

In this paper, a control structure based on AVR microcontroller is proposed to explore a novel adaptive maximum power point tracking(MPPT)algorithm for photovoltaic(PV)pumping systems. DC-AC converter duty cycle is derived according to the principle of genetic algorithm and by combining the genetic algorithm and perturbation and the observation(P & O)method for duty cycle to search the maximum power point of the photovoltaic pumping system quickly and overcome interference on the controller caused by the dramatic changes in the external environment. The adaptability and stability of the MPPT method based on the genetic algorithm are validated in Simulink environment. Water pumping experiment is made on a test rig built for the designed photovoltaic pumping system to realize MPPT. It is shown that the system can respond the continuous change in climate exactly, causing a stable overall efficiency as good as 60%. There is a 10% improvement in comparison with the 50% efficiency of ordinary PV systems. Therefore, the developed system can provide a reliable control on the load of PV pump, but also its operation is sable with a higher overall efficiency. The work can provide a reference for optimal control of photovoltaic pumping systems. 